欧洲下一代气象卫星及其红外遥感仪器概要

Survey of the Next-generation Meteorological Satellites and Infrared Sensors of EUMETSAT/ESA

总结了欧洲气象卫星组织(EUMETSAT)与欧空局(ESA)的气象卫星发展情况以及他们对下一代地球同步轨道和极轨气象卫星的规划。下一代地球同步轨道气象卫星计划为MTG系列,将以MTG-I(成像卫星)和MTG-S(探测卫星)双星运行,各自承载不同的探测仪器,计划发射6颗卫星(4颗MTG-I和2颗MTG-S)。而极轨气象卫星MetOp-SG则与美国国家海洋和大气管理局(NOAA)/美国航空航天局(NASA)的卫星系统联合。ESA当前的MetOp卫星和下一代MetOp-SG卫星在"上午"轨道上运行,NOAA/NASA的下一代JPSS卫星在"下午"轨道上运行,双方共享两个轨道卫星数据。

The development of meteorological satellites of EUMETSAT/ESA is summarized and its program of next generation weather satellites used both in geostationary orbit and in polar orbit is presented. The next generation of geostationary weather satellites in MTG series will include an imaging satellite （MTG-I） and a sounding satellite （MTC-S）. Both satellites will operate simultaneously and each of them will load different detection instruments. Six satellites （four MTG-I satellites and two MTG-S satellites） in MTG series are planned to be launched in the future. The polar orbit weather satellite named MetOp-SG will operate cooperatively with the satellite system of NOAA/NASA. The next generation satellite MetOp-SG of ESA will provide ＂ morning ＂ service just as the current MetOp satellite, and the next generation of JPSS satellite of NOAA/NASA will provide ＂ afternoon ＂ service. The data or information from MetOp-SG and JPSS satellites will be shared by both sides.