两种磷氮类添加剂的极压抗磨机理研究

Extreme Pressure and Anti-wear Mechanism of Two P, N-containing Additives

合成了磷酸胺盐和膦酸胺盐极压抗磨添加剂 ,在防锈和防腐性合格的基础上 ,在四球摩擦磨损试验机上进行了承载能力试验 ,并与硫化异丁烯、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌和磷酸三甲酚酯进行了抗磨减摩性能对比试验 ,同时通过对磨痕进行 X射线光电子能谱分析 ,探讨了磷和膦酸胺盐添加剂的极压抗磨作用机理 .结果显示 :2种磷和膦酸胺盐极压抗磨添加剂的承载能力优于常用的含硫添加剂 ;其摩擦系数处于 0 .0 5～ 0 .0 6之间 ,大大低于对比添加剂的摩擦系数 .XPS分析结果表明 ,在磨痕表面 P元素以磷酸铁或亚磷酸铁以及磷化物的吸附形式存在 ,并起到极压抗磨和减摩作用 ;N元素存在形式非常复杂 。

A phosphate amine salt and a phosphonic amine salt were synthesized. The load carrying capacity, anti wear, friction reducing, anti corrosion and anti rust behaviors of the synthetic products as additives in liquid paraffin and a commercial mineral oil 500SN were investigated. The anti wear and friction reducing properties of the synthetic additives were compared with those of sulphurized olefin (SO), Zinc dialkyldithiophosphate(ZDDP) and dibutyl phosphate (DBP) as well. The elemental composition and chemical states of the wear scar on the SAE52100 steel ball was examined by means of X ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that phosphate amine salt and phosphonic amine salt additives have much better extreme pressure properties than the conventional S, P, and/or Cl containing additives. XPS analysis of the wear scar indicates that PN agents function to reduce friction and wear mainly by forming tribochemical reaction film on the lubricated steel surface, which is accompanied by adsorption of the additives on the steel surface as well.