海南岛天然橡胶寒害空间分布特征研究

Spatial Distribution Character of Chilling Damage to Rubber Trees in Hainan Province

利用海南岛18个市县的代表站点1981-2012年冬季（12月、1月、2月）逐日平均气温和极端最低气温等数据，提取海南岛冬季日平均气温〈15℃天数、日最低气温〈10℃天数、寒害有效积寒3个因子，对其进行主成分分析，得出表征海南岛天然橡胶寒害气温综合指标D，并以此为基础对海南天然橡胶树寒害的空间分布特征进行描述，结果为：以中部山区为界，南轻北重，北部以琼中、白沙、儋州、临高、澄迈为中心最易遭受寒害．其余则以中心向四周逐级递减：南部地区寒害较轻或不明显．

Chilling damage is a main meteorological damage to rubber in Hainan province. Based on daily mean temperature and daily minimum temperature of 18 meteorological stations in Hainan province from December to February, 1981-2012, a Comprehensive index been obtained by three factors which days of daily mean temperature under 15 degree centigrade and daily minimum temperature under 10 degree centigrade and the effective accumulated temperature of chilling damages were conducted for PCA （principal component analysis）. Thus we can use the Comprehensive index to describing the spatial distribution character of rubber chilling damage in Hainan province. Result demonstrated that there is an obvious difference between the north and the south of mid mountain, the north is more serious than the south, and Qiongzhong, Baisha, Danzhou, Lingao, Chengmai areas as the center are easiest suffered chilling damage in north, others are less than center, the south area are the least.