绥东四旗的牧业生产与牧民生活状况

The Livestock Production and the Herdsmen's Life in the Eastern Suiyuan Province

察哈尔林丹汗联明反后金失败后,其子孔果尔额哲携玉玺降清,被封为亲王,安置于辽东义州边外。康熙十四年(1675)林丹汗之孙、孔果尔额哲之侄乘"三藩之乱",举兵叛清亦失败身亡,清收回其牧地,余众被迁宣化、大同边外,并将厄鲁特、巴尔虎等归顺清朝之官兵充实到察哈尔,编为察哈尔八旗,分左、右两翼各四旗。民国二十五年(1936)初,右翼四旗由察哈尔省划归绥远省管辖,始称绥东四旗。绥东四旗牧民的牧业生产遭到破坏,牧民生活变得穷困潦倒。

After the failure of Khan Ligden of the Chahar Mongolian tribe in the union with the regime of the Ming Dynasty to resist the attacks from the Later Jin Dynasty, Ejei Khongghor, his son, carrying his imperial jade and surrendering to the Qing Dynasty by seal, was made a duke and was situated outside the city of Yizhou in the Liaodong area. In the fourth year of Emperor Kangxi （1675）, the grandson of Khan Ligden and i.e., the nephew of Ejei Khongghor turned against the Qing Dynasty and rioted by taking advantage of ＂the Revolt of the Three Feudatories＂ with the result of his failure and death.Therefore, his grassland was turned over by the regime of the Qing Dynasty; his attendants, appointed outside the cities of Xuanhua and Datong; and his surrendered tribes-Hoegjilt and Barga Mongols （including officers and soldiers）, moved into the area of Chahar and organized as the Chahar Eight Banners （including the Right and Left Wings, with four banners for each wing）. In the 25th year of the Republic of China （1936）, the four banners of the right wing were put out of the Chahar province into the administration of the eastern Suiyuan province, where the herdsmen lived an impoverished life since their livestock production was severely damaged.