语法功能和语义功能的不对等研究

A study of disagreement between the grammatical functions and semantic functions

英语句子呈线性展开,词语(如名词、动词、形容词及其词组等)在句中按一定的规则排列,它们在句中的不同位置会有不同的语法功能。一般来说,在主动句中,词语的语法功能和它的语义功能基本上是一致的,但有时也有不一致的情况。从形式与意义相结合的功能句法的角度出发,阐述词语的语法功能和语义功能的不对等现象,旨在提醒读者在阅读理解和英汉翻译中,不仅要注重语法分析,也要注重语义分析。

English sentences develop in the form of linearity. The words and expressions （such as nouns, verbs, adjectives, etc） are arranged in the sentence according to certain rules. The different positions of the words and expressions in the sentence can produce different grammatical functions. Generally speaking, in the active sentence, the grammatical functions of the words and expressions agree with their semantic functions, but sometimes they don＇t. This paper tries to state the disagreement between the grammatical functions and semantic functions of the words and expressions in order to remind the readers to pay much attention to the semantic analysis as well as grammatical analysis when they do reading comprehension and English-Chinese translation.