于田绿洲典型区土壤盐分及盐渍土的空间分布格局

Spatial Distributing Pattern of Salinized Soils and their Salinity in Typical Area of Yutian Oasis

系统认识和掌握盐渍土的空间分布特征，是治理改良盐渍土的基础。在研究区内布设60个采样点，分层（0—100cm）测定了土壤全盐量，应用地统计学方法结合GIS技术对其空间分布特征进行了研究。结果表明：30—50cm和70—100cm土层盐分均属于中等变异性。其他土层盐分属于强变异性。土壤含盐量的水平分布特点是：北侧土壤盐分变化大于南侧，东侧土壤盐分变化大于西侧。土壤含盐量的垂直分布特点是：从0～5cm到70～100em土层盐分含量逐渐变小。研究区土壤分别属于非盐化土、轻度、中度、重度盐渍土和盐渍土，并且每个盐渍化土类型面积占研究区总面积的17％、14％、26％、31％、11％。研究区土壤类型总体属于重度盐渍化土，且呈现一定的盐分表聚趋势。

Understanding the characteristics of spatial distribution of saline soil is important in establishing strategies for soil salinity management. Sixty one soil samples were collected from 0 to 100 cm soil depths in the study area. Soil salinity of each sample was measured. The geo-statistical method and GIS technique were used to study its characteristics of spatial distribution. The results showed that soil salinity at 30-50 cm and 70-100 cm soil depths belonged to moderate variability while others belonged to strong variability. The horizontal distribution of salinization was characteristic of higher salinity in the north than the south, orhigher in the east side than the west side. And the vertical soil salinity distribution decreased gradually from 0-5 cm to 70-100 cm soil depth. The study area included non-salinized soil, mild saline soil, moderate saline soil, severe saline soil and saline soil, which accounted for 17%, 14%, 26%, 31% and 11% of the total study area, respectively. Overall, soil types of the study area belonged to severe salinization, which presented certain degree of surface salt accumulation trend.