乙醇水溶液提取烟草废弃物的研究

Extracting Waste Tobacco with Ethanol-Water Solution

考察了乙醇对造纸法再造烟叶生产工艺中烟梗和烟末原料的提取率及提取物成分的影响。以低浓度乙醇水溶液为溶剂,对烟梗和烟末进行了正交提取试验,并采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对提取物成分进行了分析。结果表明:①低浓度乙醇的加入对提取率的影响较小。②确定的烟梗的最佳提取工艺条件为:乙醇浓度3%,提取温度70℃,料液比1∶11,提取时间75 min,在此工艺条件下,常压单次提取率可达32%以上;烟末的最佳提取工艺参数除乙醇浓度为2%外,其余参数与烟梗相同,在此条件下常压单次提取率可达47%以上。③烟梗和烟末的主要提取物是烟碱,加入低浓度乙醇有助于提取烟梗、烟末中的其他致香物质如醇类、酯类和酮类化合物。

The effects of ethanol on the extraction rate and components of extracts from stem and tobacco dust in the production process of paper-making reconstituted tobacco were investigated. The orthogonal test was conducted by taking low concentration ethanol-water solution as solvent, and the components in extracts were analyzed with GC-MS. The results showed that the presence of ethanol in extraction solution did not affect extraction rate significantly. The determined appropriate extraction parameters for tobacco stems were： ethanol concentration 3%, extraction temperature 70 ~C, solid/liquid ratio l：ll and extraction time 75 minutes. Under such conditions, the single-cycle extraction rate of tobacco stem at normal pressure Was over 32%. The optimal extraction parameters for tobacco dust were the same as those for tobacco stems except that the ethanol concentration was 2%, and the single-cycle extraction rate of tobacco dust at normal pressure was more than 47% under such conditions. The major extract of tobacco stem and dust was nicotine, and the application of low concentration ethanol was beneficial to the extraction of other aromatic components, such as alcohols, esters and ketones. This study provided technical support for regulating the quality of reconstituted tobacco.