湘南烟区气象因子与烤烟理化指标分析

Correlation of Meteorological Factors in Southern Hunan Tobacco Growing Areas with Physical and Chemical Indicators of Flue-cured Tobacco

为了考察湘南烟区气象因子对烤烟烟叶理化指标的影响，收集了湘南烟区30年主要气象资料，并与烟叶理化指标进行了描述性统计和相关性分析。结果表明：①湘南烟区3月份气温、日照时数的变异系数均高于其余月份，并且月活动积温最低，30年中3月日平均气温低于13℃的年份占71．2％；②4～7月活动积温为2981．40℃，有利于烟草大田生育期生长，但30年中7月平均气温超过35℃的年份占18．0％，易造成“高温逼熟”或高烟碱，进而影响烟叶品质；③3月和6月降水量、日照时数、蒸发条件与烤烟C3F单叶重、含梗率、含水率的相关性较显著。④湘南烟区气象因子与C3F等级烟叶化学指标的显著相关性（P〈O．05）高于物理指标，4个主要气象因子中降水量和日照时数与化学指标的相关性更加显著（P〈0．051。

In order to investigate the influences of meteorological factors in southern Hunan tobacco growing areas on the physical and chemical indicators of flue-cured tobacco, the meteorological data over 30 years were collected and their correlation with the physical and chemical indicators of tobacco leaves were analyzed with descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. The results showed that： 1） In southern Hunan tobacco growing areas, the coefficient of variation of temperature and sunshine hour in March were higher than in other months, the monthly active accumulated temperature in March was the lowest, and the years with average daily temperature lower than 13 ~C in March accounted for 71.2% of all the 30 years. 2） In the 30 years, the active accumulated temperature from April to July were 2981.40 ~C, which was beneficial to tobacco growth in field during its growth period; but in 18.0% of the 30 years, the average temperature was above 35 ~C in July, at that time ＂heat-forced maturity＂ or higher nicotine content tobacco tended to occur, and the quality of tobacco leaves was affected accordingly. 3） The correlation of precipitation, sunshine hour and evaporation in March and June with single leaf weight, stem content and moisture content of grade C3F was relatively significant. 4） The meteorological factors in southern Hunan tobacco growing areas were more significantly correlative with chemical indicators （P〈O.05） of C3F leaves than with physical indicators; among the four main meteorological factors, precipitation and sunshine hours were more significantly correlated with chemical indicators （P〈O.05）.