作物茬口对棉花生长发育及产量的影响

Effects of Crop Stubbles on Growth and Yield of Cotton

2010年在连作8a的棉田分区种植小麦、甜菜和棉花,次年再全部种植棉花,研究不同作物茬口对棉花生长发育及其产量的影响。结果表明,麦茬地棉花的各项农艺性状优于连作棉花,其中麦茬地棉花的株高、主茎叶片数、果枝数与连作棉花间差异均达到极显著水平;麦茬地棉花单株干质量、叶绿素含量也均优于连作和甜菜茬棉花。倒茬地棉花比连作棉花平均增产15.2%,其中麦茬地棉花增产21.9%,甜菜茬棉花增产8.6%。麦茬地棉花产量的提高主要在于单株铃数和单铃质量的提高,分别比连作棉花提高23.5%和6.1%。

The experiment was conducted in the eight year continuously cropped cotton field. Three different crop stubbles （including wheat, sugar beets, cotton） followed by cotton growing in the following year were used to study the effects of crop stubbles on cotton growth and yield. The results showed that the wheat stubble was better than continuous cotton for improving the agronomic trait performance of the followed cotton, in which cotton plant height, leaf and fruiting branch numbers had significant increase after wheat stubble. The cotton dry matter mass and chlorophyll content after the wheat stubble were higher than that after the sugar beets stubble or continuous cotton. The yields of cotton in different stubble fields were higher than that of continuous cotton, increased by 15.2% . The yield of cotton after wheat stubble was increased by 21.9%, and increased by 8.6% after sugar beets stubble. The increase of the cotton yield after wheat stubble was mainly caused by the increase of boll number and boll mass,which increased by 23.5% and 6.1% respectively than that after continuous cotton.