兴平市小麦孢囊线虫发生危害及药剂防治技术

The Occurrence and Control Technique of Cereal Cyst Nematodes on Wheat in Xingping,Shaanxi Province

小麦孢囊线虫病是近年在陕西省兴平市发现的一种新的有害生物,为对其进行有效控制,设置该虫害的发生、危害及药剂防治试验。研究结果表明:2011年小麦成熟期,小麦孢囊线虫在全市皆有发生,但为轻微感染,单株孢囊数均小于20,无中、重度感染田块。小麦播种前用吡虫啉+戊唑醇和吡虫啉+甲基异柳磷拌种,以及用阿维菌素、克百威和毒死蜱3种药剂处理土壤,均可降低小麦孢囊线虫的病情指数,增加小麦产量。吡虫啉+戊唑醇拌种对小麦孢囊线虫病有一定抑制作用,对小麦出苗率、根系和分蘖等无影响。3种药剂处理土壤,毒死蜱处理的小麦增产率最高,为20.07%;克百威次之;阿维菌素最低,为4.23%。播种后踩踏处理的产量显著高于对照,小麦增产率为1.73%。可见:克百威处理地块小麦病情指数显著低于其他处理,对小麦孢囊线虫病防治显著。

Cereal cyst nematode is a new disease of wheat production in Xingping, Shaanxi province. In order to control the disease, investigation on occurrence and control technique of cereal cyst nematode was carried out; the results showed that wheat growing in the city was slightly infected by cereal cyst nematode. The No. of cyst per plant was less than 20. There was no severe infection field. Seed dressing with imidacloprid and tebuconazole, imidacloprid and isofenphos methyl, soil treatment with avermectin, carbofuran and chlorpyrifos before sowing of wheat, could reduce the disease index of cereal cyst nematode, and increase the wheat yield. Seed dressing with imidacloprid and tebuconazole could inhibit cereal cyst nematode, could not affect physiological index of wheat seeding rate, tillers and roots. Among soil treatments with avermectin, carbofuran and chlorpyrifos before sowing of wheat, wheat yield increase rate under treatment with chlorpyrifos was the highest, 20.07%; followed by carbofuran; the lowest was 4.23%, obtained in the treatment of avermectin. Wheat yield of soil stamping after sowing was significantly higher than that of the CK, the increasing rate was 1.73%. The disease index of cereal cyst nematode of plots treatment with carbofuran was significantly lower than other plots.The control effect of carbofuran on the cereal cyst nematode was significant.