水玻璃凝胶对植物纤维发泡材料抗压强度的影响Ⅱ.发泡材料制备及性能的表征

Effects of sodium silicate gel on compressive strength for plant fiber-based foaming composite Ⅱ. Study on preparation and properties of foaming composite

为增强植物纤维发泡材料的抗压强度,在其发泡过程中加入一定比例的水玻璃凝胶,并采用响应面分析法对材料的制备工艺进行优化。同时采用红外光谱仪、热重分析仪和扫描电镜分别对复合材料的内部基团、热稳定性和微观形态进行了表征。结果表明,(1)复合材料的抗压强度随水玻璃凝胶添加量增加而增大。当水玻璃凝胶的添加量为0时,抗压强度为45.04 kPa;60%时,抗压强度达到最大值,为55.02 kPa。(2)响应面法优化工艺条件为:凝胶添加量43%,发泡剂用量57 mL,化学浆比重2%,胶粘剂用量34 mL,且在此条件下制备得到的材料的抗压强度为60.01 kPa。(3)水玻璃凝胶能提高材料的密实程度和热稳定性。

To improve compressive strength of plant fiber-based foaming composite, sodium silicate gel was added into the mixture during foaming. Response surface method was used to optimize the preparation conditions of the composite. Simultaneously, infrared spectrometer, thermogravimetry and scanning electron microscope were utilized to measure chemical groups, thermal stability and micro-morphology of obtained compesite. The results suggested that： （ 1 ） The compressive strength of composite increased along with addition amount of sodium silicate. As addition of sodium silicate was 0, the compressive strength was 45.04 kPa; as it was 60%, the compressive strength reached the maximum of 55.02 kPa. （2） The optimum conditions were 2% of chemical pulp, 43% of sodium silicate gel, 34 mL of adhesive and 57 mL of foaming agent dosage, corresponding to 60.01 kPa of compressive strength. （ 3 ） After sodium silicate gel was added, densification degree of the composite was improved, and heat transfer within the composite was inhibited.