地下水埋深与土壤含水率对应关系和最优灌溉模式的试验研究

Experiment Study on Optimal Irrigation Regime in Paddy Rice

节水高产的浅湿灌溉技术较适合南太湖地区的水稻生产。试验选用苏南太湖地区水稻土中有代表性的粘土和重壤土作试验载体 ,系统地探讨了浅湿灌溉对水稻生理、生态及稻田生态环境的影响 ,水稻平均比浅水勤灌增产 6.1 %。经对降水利用率、稻田耗水量、灌水量测定 ,浅湿灌溉比浅水勤灌分别增加 1 4 .6%和减少 1 9.2 %和 30 % ,收到了节水高产的效果。对地下水埋深和土壤含水率对应关系的测定 ,得出 ,稻田落干时地下水埋深以 30 cm为宜 (烤田期除外 )。在此范围内 ,地下水埋深每下降 1 0 cm,土壤含水率下降 1 %～ 5%。据此大田试验 。

Yield raising and water saving irrigation techniques for paddy rice applied in other regions are also suitable for Tai Lake Area in south Jiangsu. Based on experiments carried out on clay soil and clay loam soil in Tai Lake area, the growth, development and yield formation in paddy rice are described in this paper. Study results shown that benefits for water saving and yield raising in paddy rice are significant, under 'shallow moisture' irrigation system. Water consumption and irrigation water application can be reduced 19.2% and 30% respectively. Rainfall use efficiency increases 14.6% and yield increases 6.1%, taken traditional 'shallow water and continuous irrigation' irrigation system as CK. According to experimental results, water table best can be controlled below 30 cm during drying period on paddy rice field. Soil moisture will reduces about 1% to 5% with every 10cm dropping of groundwater level. The optimum irrigation regime for paddy rice in Tai Lake area, based on field experiment results, is also presented in this paper.