基于GIS的伊犁河谷地区生态承载力研究

Study on Yili River Valley Area Ecological Carrying Capacity Based on GIS

以生态承载力理论为指导,利用GIS技术,对伊犁河谷地区生态承载力现状进行定量化评价与空间化表达。结果表明,伊犁河谷地区生态承载力总体处于可承载状态,但空间分布差异性明显,西北部和东南部地区处于超载状态,其中伊宁市和伊宁县处于严重超载;东北部和西南部地区生态承载能力较高,其中特克斯县和昭苏县处于盈余状况。从区域地形特征看,山区—丘陵—平原生态系统承载力负荷依次递增。森林资源、天然草原资源和水资源状况是伊犁河谷地区各县市生态承载力空间差异的主导因素,而城镇化、工农业发展带来的人口密集、污染负荷超载以及自然资源的急剧消耗是导致生态承载力超载的主要驱动因子。

Based on the ecological carrying capacity （ECC） theory and using GIS technique, the ECC of Yili River Valley area was quantitatively evaluated and the spatial distribution analyzed. The results show that the ECC of Yili River Valley area could be bearable generally, but there were significant differences in spatial distribution, with the ECC of northwest and southeast regions being higher than northeast and southwest regions. The ECC of Yining City and Yining County was far beyond ecological load, while that of Tekesi and Zhaosu County was in an ideal state. In view of regional topographical characteristics, the situation of ecosystem overload aggravated from mountainous to hilly to plain areas, the main factors that lead to the differences of ECC were forest resources, grassland resources and water resources, while the dense population, pollution load and natural resource consumption of urbanization and industrialization development were the primary driving forces of serious overloading of ECC.