棉花渍害恢复的生理指示指标探讨

Physiological Indicator of Cotton Plant in Recovery from Waterlogging Damage

【目的】筛选花龄期渍水胁迫后棉花胁迫/恢复水平的指示性生理指标,为采取合适栽培措施减轻洪涝灾害对棉花生产的影响奠定基础。【方法】以泗杂3号为材料,在江苏省大丰市(120°28′E,33°12′N)设置大田短期渍水试验(渍水0、6、9、12 d),对棉株功能叶光合气体交换参数、丙二醛含量、抗氧化酶活性等14个生理指标进行测定,然后运用灰色关联度分析、聚类分析等方法对各指标进行分析和评价。【结果】渍水胁迫解除后,14个常用植物逆境相关生理指标在不同胁迫水平、不同恢复水平的棉株功能叶中存在显著差异,且与植株的恢复生长水平显著相关(P<0.05)。不同指标与棉株恢复水平的关联度存在显著差异(0.2702—0.9127),但各指标的关联度的高低顺序在棉株不同恢复时间具有较高的稳定性。因此,可在上述生理指标中筛选相关指标用于指示、监测渍水后棉花的恢复水平,其中与恢复指数关联度较高的生理指标是净光合速率(0.8105)和丙二醛含量(0.7717),其关联度变异系数最小,稳定性最高,经聚类分析被分在第一类指标中。【结论】净光合速率、丙二醛含量可作为关键性生理指标用于监测棉花渍水后恢复水平从而指导棉花抗逆栽培。

[ Objective ] The objective of this study was to screen suitable evaluation indexes indicating the stress and recovery degree after waterlogging, which would provide a theoretical basis for taking appropriate cultivation measures to reduce the impact of flood disasters on cotton production. [Method] By using cotton cultivar Siza 3 as material and four waterlogging treatments were applied （0, 6, 9, 12 days, respectively）, the experiment was carried out in Dafeng, Jiangsu province （120~28＇E, 33~122q）. The 14 stress related physiological indexes of cotton fimctional leaf, such as photosynthetic gas exchange parameters, MDA content, antioxidant enzyme activities, were evaluated by gray relational grade analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis. [ Result ] The results indicated that each of the 14 stress related physiological traits, had significant difference under different stress levels or at different recovery stages after waterlogging, and significant difference was also observed in the correlation degree between the indexes and the recover level. The relative correlation degree of the stress related physiological indexes and the stress level at different recovery stages were very similar, indicating that the 14 indexes could be grouped by the correlation degree and those indexes presented higher correlation degree with stress level could be used as key physiological indexes to indicate the stress or recovery level in cotton plant after waterlogging. The traits with higher correlation degree to recovery index were Pn（0.8105） and MDA（0.7717）, which presented lower variation than others. They were ranked the first category according to hierarchical cluster analysis. [ Conclusion ] With the data in this research, it was concluded that Pn and MDA content could be used as key physiological indexes in evaluatingthe stress and recovery degree after waterlogging.