黄河口概化模型试验研究

Experimental research on Yellow River Estuary by generalized model

黄河河口的演化环境极为复杂,为定量分析其演化过程,通过概化模型试验,对黄河河道和河口的悬沙组成变化以及沿程含沙量变化进行了研究。结果表明:河道沿程悬沙由粗到细,在河口附近受潮流影响,粒径又变粗,随着水流离开口门的距离增大,动力分选效果越差,致使水流悬沙粒径越来越细;在径流段,含沙量沿程减小,但在径流的潮流区(口门附近),含沙量达到最大值,此后在较短的距离内迅速降到最低值。

In order to conduct a quantitative analysis on the extremely complex evolution environment of the Yellow River Estu- ary, through experiments by a generalized model, the changes in the composition of suspended sediment in the river and estuary and the sediment concentration along with the river course have been studied. The results show that the suspended sediment along the river course is from coarse to fine, but the particle size turns to be coarser near the estuary due to tidal current; with the in- crease of the distance from the river mouth, the particle size of suspended sediment in flow is getting smaller; in the runoff reach of river, sediment concentration decreases along the river, but in the tidal runoff area （near the mouth） , it reaches the maximum value, but later it quickly reduces to the minimum in a shorter distance.