朝鲜朝国文文学中的“武陵桃源”意象

The Image of Wuling Taoyuan in Korean Literature during Chao Period

陶渊明的《桃花源记并诗》中描写的"武陵桃源"意象对朝鲜朝时期国文文学史影响巨大。朝鲜朝"武陵桃源"是官吏统治下的理想社会,朴仁老要通过改善其治理方式的方法,把朝鲜朝农村变成"武陵桃源"般美好的社会。朝鲜朝"武陵桃源"是官场失意文人的精神寄托,安玟英把"武陵桃源"当作排解失意的苦闷和寻找寄托的歇脚处。朝鲜朝"武陵桃源"是更加世俗化、理想化的自然田园,在曺植、赵榥、姜复中等人那里,"武陵桃源"更是处处可见的、平和而质朴的朝鲜朝山水自然景象。朝鲜朝文人们把"武陵桃源"拉到了真实的人间,在其精神追求上比陶渊明在《桃花源记并诗》中所描写的理想社会世俗化了很多。朝鲜朝国文文学中世俗化、理想化了的"武陵桃源"意象是朝鲜朝文人按本土的文化心理和思想追求对原作进行改造的结果,为后来韩国文学中涌现大量的山水田园诗奠定了基础。

The image of Wuling Taoyuan depicted by Tao Yuanming in his ＂The Story and Poem of Taohuayuan＂ produces great impacts on Korean literature during Chao period. Korean Chao＇s Wuling Taoyuan is regarded as a utopia governed by officials of all ranks. Pu Renlao intends to transform Korean Chao＇s villages into an ideal paradise like Wuling Taoyuan. His strategy to achieve the target as such is to revise the governing model. Korean Chao＇s Wuling Taoyuan is a spiritual shelter for the lost lettered people in official circles. An, Wenying, for example, took Chao＇s Wul- ing Taoyuan as a resting place and a means of overcoming his depression. Chao＇s Wuling Taoyuan is also the pastoral which is more secular and more ideal. This feature is scattered everywhere in the pieces of Cao, Zhi; Zhao, Huang; and Jiang Fuzhong. The intellectuals in Chao＇s period brought their Wuling Taoyuan to the real practice and made it more worldly than that described in Tao＇s ＂The Story and Poem of Taohuayuan＂. The secularized and idealized images in Ko- rean Chao＇s literature are the outcomes of the reforms made by Chao＇s intellectuals according to their own cultural psy- chology and spiritual ambition, which has laid a solid foundation for the pasture poems which appeared in Korean literature in later times.