基于损失费用的风险优先数分析方法研究

Research on Risk Priority Number Analysis Method Based on Loss

为解决传统风险分析方法中存在的不能准确划分风险顺序的问题,基于损失费用,改进风险优先数(RPN)分析过程。针对在用车辆的风险评价,在传统故障模式及影响分析(FMEA)的基础上,应用传统RPN方法评价各故障模式的严重度等级,并以时间、损失金额等定量因素替代传统方法中的严重度(S),频率(O)和探测度(D)等3个参数进行计算,将计算出的损失费用作为最终的RPN值。最后,以某叉车的关键系统及其工作装置的风险评价为例,验证该方法。结果表明:与通过传统RPN方法得到的叉车风险排序结果相比,利用损失费用之和得到的结果能更清晰地反映叉车各系统或装置的风险顺序。

In order to solve the problem that risk priority sequence cannot be accurately divided in tradi- tional risk analysis method, the RPN analysis procedure was improved based on loss. The paper was focused on risk evaluation of in-use vehicle. Based on traditional FMEA, the severity grade of each failure mode was evaluated by using traditional RPN, and three parameters in traditional method including severity of effects （S）, probability occurrence （0） and difficulty detection （D） were replaced by quantitative elements such as time and loss, and calculated loss was taken as final risk priority number. Finally, safety evaluation of critical systems and work equipment of a certain forklift was used as a case to illustrate pro- posed method. The results show that forklift risk ranking result coming from the sum of losses can more clearly reflect risk sequence of the system or equipment of forklift than that obtained by traditional RPN.