救生舱用氧烛配方的优化研究

Study on Optimization of Oxygen Candle Formula for Refuge Chamber

为确定适用于救生舱的较优氧烛配方，通过热重试验，确定氧烛催化剂Co3O4，Co2O3和Fe2O3的质量分数研究范围为3％-5％，及燃料Fe，Mg和Mn的质量分数研究范围为4％-8％。据此设计正交燃烧试验，综合分析氧烛药块的产氧量、产氧速率、表面最高温度，确定适用于救生舱的较优氧烛配方为88％NaClO3，6％Mn，5％Co2O3，1％高岭土。对以此配方制作的2．8kg氧烛在环境温度不高于33．3℃，相对湿度不大于31％的舱内进行特性试验，得到其总供氧量241．0L，生氧密度0．3L／g，供氧速度17．3L／min，利用率88．6％，生成有害气体φ（CO）≤0．0001％，φ（CO2）≤0．06％，外壳最高温度≤115．1℃。结果表明，所得数据结果满足救生舱相关指标要求，该较优氧烛配方适用于救生舱。

Oxygen candle is a kind of high oxygen storage, good stability chemical oxygen source, but has problems such as high heat production and fast oxygen release, which can not completely meet the requirements of refuge chambers. To determine a suitable oxygen candle formula for refuge chambers, several tests carried out. By thermogravimetric tests, the research ranges of catalysts and fuels of oxygen candle were determined （ 3% -5% of C0304, C0203, Fe203 and 4% -8% of Fe, Mg, Mn）. Accord- ingly, orthogonal combustion tests were designed, and by a comprehensive analysis of oxygen supply, oxy- gen release rate, the highest temperature of surface of oxygen candles, the optimum oxygen candle formula for refuge chamber is determined as follows： 88% NaC103 , 6% Mn, 5% Co：O3 , 1% kaolin. A characteris- tic test was conducted on a 2.8 kg oxygen candle with the optimized formula and its characteristics are as follows： total oxygen supply 241. 0 L, oxygen production density 0. 3 L/g, oxygen evolution rate 17.3 L/min, utilization 88.6% , harmful gases production CO≤0. 000 1%, CO2 ≤0.06% , shell maxi- mum temperature ≤ 115.1 ℃, ambient temperature ≤33.3 ℃, humidity ≤31%. Bearing the relative pa- rameters of refuge chamber in mind, the results meet the requirements. Therefore, the determined opti- mum oxygen candle formula is suitable for refuge chambers.