伪狂犬病病毒Ra株体外感染ST细胞超微结构的研究

Study on Ultrastructures of Swine Testis Cells Infected by Pseudorabies Virus Ra Strain

本研究以伪狂犬病病毒(pseudorabies virus,PRV)Ra株体外感染ST细胞为生物模型,通过透射电镜对PRV的增殖规律和致细胞病变的显微结构进行观察。结果显示,PRV能诱导ST细胞发生明显病变,细胞的病变程度与PRV感染时间密切相关。PRV Ra株感染ST细胞,病毒吸附于ST细胞表面,以膜融合内陷的方式进入细胞和细胞核内,在细胞核内复制,出现包涵体结构,以出芽方式离开细胞核,在高尔基体等细胞内膜结构处完成病毒粒子的囊膜化过程。感染前期,病毒通过膜融合方式被释放到细胞外,完成细胞间病毒的传播;感染后期,细胞溶解,大量释放病毒粒子。感染细胞超微结构的变化主要体现为:线粒体肿胀、数目减少,嵴面积减少,核内出现包涵体,细胞融合,细胞内空泡化严重,溶细胞现象。

To investigate the major steps in the replicative cycle and ultrastructural changes during pseudorabies virus （PRV） infection, the swine testis （ST） cell line was used as the target cell to be infected with PRV Ra strain. The results demonstrated that PRV could cause obviously cytopathic effect, with a close relation with the PRV infected time. According to the observation by electron microscopy, PRV virions attached to the cell surface were found in the initial stage of infection, vi- rus entered into cells and cell nuclear area by membrane fusion and endocytose, then began to replicate in the nucleuses, virus envelop was obtained from the membrane structure in the cytoplasm, especially in the Golgi body; the mature PRV particles were released into the extracellular to infect other cells during the early stages of infection;and the virus particles were released by eytolysis in the later stages. Ultrastructural changes of infected cells showed mitochondria swelling, decreased, cristae vague, intranuclear inclusions, cell fusion, serious cavitation and cytolysis.