动物乳腺干细胞的研究进展

Study Progress of Mammary Stem Cells in Animal

乳腺干细胞具有产生所有类型乳腺细胞的能力。在乳腺组织生长发育过程中,乳腺干细胞对于动物青春期、妊娠期、泌乳期和泌乳衰退期的乳腺生长与重建等具有重要意义。体外培养的乳腺干细胞是研究乳腺细胞增殖、分化、生存和凋亡等信号通路的理想模型,同时在转基因乳腺生物反应器方面也具有重要的应用前景。因此,乳腺干细胞的研究对于乳腺发育的认知,乳腺癌的治疗及农业生产具有重要意义。作者针对乳腺干细胞的筛选、定位和体外培养方法的研究现状进行了系统的综述,并对未来的研究方向与应用前景加以展望。

Mammary stem cells （MaSCs） possess the ability to generate all differentiated cell types in the mammary gland. During the process of mammary development,MaSCs are critical for the growth and reconstruction of mammary tissue in pu- berty, pregnancy stage,lactation and lactation recession stage. The MaSCs under in vitro culture are ideal experimental model for studying the proliferation, differentiation, survival and apoptosis of mammary cells,and potential approach for producing mammary gland bioreactor. Therefore,the researches about MaSCs are of great importance to the understanding of mammary development,therapy of mammary cancer and agricultural production. This paper will give a systematic review for the localiza- tion,purification and in vitro culture of MaSCs,and show prospects of the researches and applications about MaSCs.