深圳市儿童医院住院儿童常见呼吸道病毒病原学分析

An analysis common viral pathogen of respiratory infection in hospitalized children in Shenzhen children's hospital

目的分析深圳地区住院儿童常见呼吸道病毒感染的流行特点。方法2012年1—6月共1469例呼吸道感染的住院患儿，采取鼻咽部分泌物，采用病毒抗原直接免疫荧光法检测7种常见呼吸道病毒，分析比较其结果。结果1469例标本中共有341例检出了病毒，总检出率23．21％，其中呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）最为常见，检出210例，占阳性标本检出率的61．58％，其次为副流感病毒Ⅲ型（PIV-III），检出46例，检出率为13．49％，比例最低的是副流感病毒-I和Ⅱ型（PIV—I，PIV-Ⅱ），仅分别检出1例和2例。病毒的检出率与年龄、性别有关，年龄小于12月的检出率达到27．90％，显著高于介于13～36月的23．03％及大于36月的12．46％检出率（P〈0．05）；男性检出率为25．24％，显著高于女性（19．58％）检出率（P〈0．05）。结论深圳地区住院儿童最主要常见呼吸道病毒病原为RSV，PIV—III和腺病毒（ADV），流感病毒A（Flu—A）也是重要的病毒病原。病毒的检出率与患儿年龄、性别相关，婴幼儿病毒感染率最高，男性感染率高于女性。

Objeelive To study the infection state of virus in hospitalized children suffered with respiratory infection in Shenzhen district. Methods Nasopharyngeal secretion was obtained from 1469 in - patient children diagnosed as respiratory infection. The respiratory syncytial virus （RSV） , adenovirus, para influenza virus I , III, III and influenza virus A, B were detected by direct immunofuorescence asssay. Results Of 1 469 samples, 341 samples （23.21%） were positive for viral infection. RSV accounted for 210 （61.58 % ） in all these samples, para influenza vi- rus III 46 （ 13.49% ）. The detection rate of para influenza virus I and II were low, 1 patient and 2 patients, respective. The detection rate of vi- rus infection related with age and gender. The detection rate of patient less than one year old was 27.9%, which is higher than that of patient of 13 to 36 months old patient, and more than 36 months old patient. The detection rate of male patient was 24.45%, which is higher than that of female patients with 19.58% （ P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion RSV is the most common viral pathogen in children hospitalized with respiratory infec- tion in Shenzhen district. Para influenza virus m, adenovirus and influenza virus A are also the important viral pathogen. Viral detection rate is re- lated with hospitalized children age and gender. Respiratory viral infection rate of infant is the highest. The virus infection rate of male patient is higher than that of female patient.