山东省生态系统服务价值时空特征研究

Study on Spatial-Temporal Characteristics of Ecosystem Service Value in Shandong Province

基于遥感技术获取山东省2000年、2005年和2010年土地利用数据,并运用GIS空间分析技术生成1km格网土地利用类型面积结构数据以支持生态系统服务价值时空动态特征及其区划研究。结果表明:1)生态系统服务价值空间差异显著,10年间土地利用变化总体上不利于生态系统服务功能及价值量的维持。2)生态系统服务价值空间格局总体稳定,但总量下降明显,土地利用空间格局决定了大部分区域具有较高的供给服务价值,而文化服务价值则普遍较低。3)过去10年,除水源涵养和娱乐文化服务价值加速增长外,其他的单项服务价值均持续降低,土壤形成与保护功能的价值损失量和损失率最突出。4)对生态服务价值格局与动态特征进行区划,得到6个类型区和14个亚区。

Land use data of 2000,2005 and 2010 in Shandong Province,China were obtained based on remote sensing technolo gy. Then,based on the spatial analysis techniques in GIS, land use maps were transformed into multiple raster maps at 1 km scale,each of which records the area of a land use type in 1 km scale pixels. And then, ecosystem services in three years were calculated based on these raster maps and map algebra techniques, and the spatial-temporal dynamics of ecosystem service value （ESV） were explored. The results show that： 1） Closely related to the spatial patterns of land use, the spatial differences of ESV were notable. 2） At macro spatial scale,the spatial pattern of ESV was stable relatively, although the ESV for the whole province decreased from 1 191.83 × 10^8 yuan in 2000 to 1 171.87 × 10^8 yuan in 2010 （19.96×10^8 yuan had lost）. 3） The acute decrease of farmland hade caused remarkable loss of ESV. Most of the conversions among land use were unfavorable to the ma inlenance of ecosystem service function and value besides the expansion of water body. 4） For the per unit area value, the regula- ting services was the highest one among all kinds of the ESV, and the spatial patterns of land use determined that most area had much higher provisioning services and much lower cultural services. For the sub-levels of ESV, most kinds of them decreased notably, especially the soil formation and retention. 5） Based on the spatial-temporal dynamics of ESV,six regions and fourteen sub-regions are delineated in Shandong Province.