利用核磁共振技术和电子舌技术分析2个产区干红葡萄酒代谢产物的差异

The metabolites analysis of dry red wines from two regions using nuclear magnetic resonance and electronic tongue

利用核磁共振(NMR)技术和电子舌技术并结合多元统计分析方法对河北沙城产区和宁夏贺兰山东麓产区2010年份的梅鹿辄和赤霞珠干红葡萄酒进行检测分析,从而探讨出我国具有代表性的2个葡萄酒产区干红葡萄酒间代谢产物的差异。核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)结合模式识别分析,判别出2个产区2010年份的梅鹿辄和赤霞珠干红葡萄酒之间的代谢产物存在显著的差异性。通过偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA)的载荷图可以得到:与河北沙城产区相比,宁夏贺兰山东麓产区的赤霞珠干红葡萄酒中缬氨酸、琥珀酸、甘油含量较高,而2,3-丁二醇、脯氨酸、乳酸、乙酸、乙酸乙酯、胆碱、没食子酸的含量较低;梅鹿辄干红葡萄酒中缬氨酸、脯氨酸、琥珀酸、乙酸、甘油含量较高,而乳酸、2,3-丁二醇、胆碱、没食子酸、乙酸乙酯的含量较低。应用电子舌技术对2个产区的葡萄酒样品进行区别辨识,对检测数据进行主成分分析(PCA),所得的得分图对2个不同产区的干红葡萄酒有很好的区分效果。结果表明:2种方法相互验证,得出2个不同产区干红葡萄酒之间的代谢产物有明显的差异。

NMR and electronic tongue analysis coupled with multivariate statistical data was used to characterize the Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot dry red wines from Ningxia and Hebei vinified in 2010 vintage. The purpose of this study was to compare the characterization of dry red wines from two characteristic regions and analyze the differ- ence of their metabolites. Results from 1H NMR analysis coupled with pattern recognition methods showed that the Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot dry red wines from two different regions could be separated. Compared with dry wines from Hebei, Cabernet Sauvignon dry red wines from Ningxia contained higher levels of valine, succinic acid and glyc- erol, whereas 2,3-butanediol, proline, lactic acid, acetic acid, ethyl acetate, choline, gallic acid were in lower lev- els. Higher levels of Valine, proline, succinic acid, acetic acid, and glycerol were found in Merlot dry red wines from Ningxia, whereas the levels of Lactic acid, 2,3-butanediol, choline, gallic acid, ethyl acetate were lower ac- cording to the loading plot of PLS-DA. All data from the electronic tongue analysis were treated by multivariate data processing based on PCA, and the result showed that the electronic tongue was able to identify the dry red wines from different regions. This study using two analysis methods showed that there were significant differences between Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot dry red wines from Ningxia and Hebei.