社会资本与工资收入的户籍差异——基于改进后的Oaxaca-Blinder分解

The Social Capital and Wage Income Differentials between Urban Workers and Rural Migrants: Based on Improved Oaxaca-Blinder Decomposition

本文利用2009年全国八城市调查"社会网络与求职经历"数据,结合改进后的Oaxaca-Blinder分解技术,考察了社会资本对于农民工和城市职工工资收入差异的影响。实证结果表明,在明瑟方程基础上纳入社会资本变量后,户籍工资差异被解释得更加充分,可由个体特征要素解释的比重甚至高过了总户籍工资收入差距。农民工的社会资本欠缺,可以解释户籍工资差异的1/4;而社会资本回报占优,会导致农民工与城市职工的收入差距缩小30%。文章在解释了这种"资本欠缺"和"回报占优"并存现象后,提出了相关政策建议。

Based on Jsnet 2009 dataset, this paper points out that social capital can also determines the wage income differentials between urban workers and rural migrants in China. Using Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition technique, we found that the wage gap between these two groups can be totally explained while taking social capital index variable into Mincer wage income functions. Rural migrants are often with relative poor social capital, which can explain a quarter of wage income differentials between these two groups. But migrants could also get more wage income than urban workers, because of higher return of social capital to migrants. Some advices of easing wage gap are proposed, after explained the dual phenomenon of lack of social capital and high return of it.