呼吸科住院患者医院感染的病原菌耐药性及危险因素

The drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria and risk factors of infection patients in respiratory department of a hospital

目的研究呼吸科住院患者医院感染的发生率、感染患者的病原菌分布及其构成比例、病原菌的耐药性,分析呼吸科住院患者医院感染发生的危险因素。方法选取该院呼吸科住院患者296例,分析感染发生的例数,分离培养感染患者的病原菌并进行药敏试验。通过对比感染患者和未感染患者的相关因素,分析感染发生的危险因素。结果呼吸科住院患者感染发生率达到62.5%,感染患者经分离培养得到革兰氏阳性病原菌87株(45.08%),革兰氏阴性病原菌106株(54.92%);主要革兰氏阳性病原菌对替考拉宁和替莫唑胺的耐药率较低,主要革兰氏阴性病原菌对替考拉宁、帕尼培南和美罗培南的耐药率较低。患者的年龄大、住院时间长、合并其他疾病、使用呼吸机、进行侵入性治疗等都是患者感染发生的危险因素。结论临床应根据呼吸科住院患者感染发生的危险因素,控制感染的发生。当感染发生时,应先分离培养致病菌,并进行药敏试验,选用耐药率低的抗菌药进行及时治疗。

Objective To analyze the pathogenic bacteria and their drug resistance ,and to study the risk factors of respiratory depart-ment of tuberculosis hospital infection .Method 296 cases of patients of in respiratory department of tuberculosis hospital were chosen ,pathogenic bacteria were isolated and cultured ,and the drug sensitivity tests were conducted by K-B agar method .The va-rious factors of infected and non-infected patients were observed to analyze the risk factors of respiratory department infection in tuberculosis hospital .Results The infection rate was reached to 62 .5% for patients in respiratory department .And 193 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated ,among which 87 strains of G＋ bacteria ,accounted for 45 .08% ,and 106 strains of G -bacteria ac-counted for 54 .92% .G＋ bacteria had a low resistance on teicoplanin and temozolomide ,G - bacteria had a low resistance on teico-planin ,panipenem and meropenem .Conclusion The risk factors of infection in respiratory department of tuberculosis hospital should be accorded to prevent infection .Pathogenic bacteria should be isolated ,drug sensitivity test should be performed ,and the low resistance antibacterial should be chosen to treat infection if infection occurred .