新疆石河子加工番茄叶霉病菌生物学特性研究

Study on the Biological Characters of Fulvia fulva (Cooke) Ciferri of Processing Tomato in Shihezi of Xinjiang

以“TIN606”加工番茄品种为试材，对新疆石河子地区分离到的叶霉病菌的生物学特性及部分流行环节进行了初步研究。结果表明：病斑产孢适宜温度范围为15-25℃，在20℃产孢量最大，而在4、35℃几乎不产孢；其茵落在20-25℃范围内生长最好，温度低于15℃或高于30℃时菌落生长迟缓。在相对湿度范围为75％～100％内病斑能够产孢，产孢量随湿度的上升、保湿时间的延长而增加。在pH6．0时茵落生长最好，产孢量最高。全黑暗条件下比光照条件下病斑产孢量高、菌落生长快；紫外线照射对病斑产孢、茵落生长均有抑制作用。分生孢子主要在夜间飞散，在株高范围20-90cm内，70cm处分生孢子数量最多。

Taking processing tomato variety ＇TIN606＇ as material, the biological characters and lesion sporulation of Fulvia fulva （Cooke） Ciferri from Shihezi city of Xinjiang province were preliminary studied. The results showed that the suitable temperature for lesion sporulation was 15 - 25℃, 20℃ was the optimal temperature. Lesions hardly sporulated at 4℃ and 35℃. The optimum temperature for the colony growth was 20 - 25℃, and colony grew slowly below 15℃ or above 30℃. Lesions could sporulate under the relative humidity of 75% to 100%,and the quantity of sporulation increased with the time and the going up of humidity. The optimal pH of colony growth and lesion sporulation was 6.0. Lesions sporulated more and colonies grew faster in dark than in light. The ultraviolet rays inhabited the lesion sporulation and the colony growth. Spores mainly dispersed at night. The highest quantity of spores was found at 70 cm parts within the tomato plant from 20 cm to 90 cm.