阿尔茨海默病患者定量脑电图特点

The Character of Quantitative EEG in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease

目的探讨阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者定量脑电图(QEEG)的特点,慢波与快波比例与阿尔茨海默病认知能力的关系。方法将30例AD患者与30例正常老人行QEEG功率谱分析及视觉脑电图(EEG)评分。功率谱按频率分:δ(0.8~4.0Hz)、θ(4.0~7.8Hz)、α(7.8~12.8Hz)、β(13.0~20.0Hz),以δ+θ/α+β值作为观察评估指标进行比较。对两组全脑、额叶、颞叶、顶叶、枕叶δ+θ/α+β值及视觉EEG评分进行比较。将30例AD患者的简易智力状态评定量表(MMSE)评分和δ+θ/α+β值行Spearman相关分析。结果 AD组在全脑、额叶、颞叶、顶叶及枕叶的δ+θ/α+β值显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=3.118,2.694,3.051,3.657,4.167;P均<0.01)。AD组的视觉EEG评分显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=4.052,P<0.01)。30例AD患者的MMSE评分和全脑、额叶、颞叶、顶叶、枕叶δ+θ/α+β值呈负相关(r=-0.646^-0.728,P均<0.01)。结论定量脑电图作为一种客观、量化的脑功能检测手段,有助于AD诊断,对AD患者认知能力评估有重要的价值。

Objective To explore the characteristics of quantitative EEG（QEEG） in patients with Alzheimer. disease（AD） ,and the relationship between the slow wave and fast wave（ 8 ＋ O/a ＋ [3） power ratios in EEG and cognitive ability of wpatients＇ith AD. Methods There were two groups, a study group consisted of 30 patients with AD and a control group （CG）of 30 healthy aged people. Two groups were all measured with QEEG and visual EEG. Power spectrum was classified according to the delta waves （ in 0.8 - 4.0 Hz band）, theta waves （ in 4.0- 7.8 Hz band）, alpha waves （ in 7.8 - 12.8 Hz band ） and beta waves （ in 13.0 - 20.0 Hz band）, and then δ ＋ θ/α ＋β value as an observation rating was compared. δ ＋ θ/α ＋β power ratios of the whole brain, frontal lobe, temporal lobe, parietal lobe, oeeipital lobe and the score of visual EEGs between two groups were compared. Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the relation-ship between the MMSE score and δ ＋ θ/α ＋β value of 30 AD patients. Results δ ＋ θ/α ＋β value of AD group, in the whole brain, frontal lobe, temporal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, were significantly higher than those of the control group （ t = 3. 118,2. 694,3.051, 3. 657,4. 167 ; P 〈 0. 01 ）. Visual EEG score of the AD group was significantly higher than that of the control group （ t = 4. 052, P 〈 0.01 ）. There were negative correlations（ r =-0. 646-0. 728 ,P 〈0.01 ）between MMSE score and δ ＋ θ/α ＋β value of 30 AD patients in the whole brain, frontal lobe, temporal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe. Conclusion QEEGs as an objective, quantifiable brain -function testing means, may contribute to the diagnosis of AD, and has important value in assessing cognitive abilities of AD patients.