企业员工工作倦怠与抑郁的相关性

Correlation between Job Burnout and Depression for Enterprise Employees

目的 了解企业员工工作倦怠与抑郁的相关性,为关注其心理健康提供依据.方法 对上海市松江区2所企业270名员工施测Maslach工作倦怠量表（MBI-GS）、流调中心用抑郁量表（CES-D）,用SPSS 17.0进行统计分析.结果 ①男员工的情绪衰竭、玩世不恭均高于女员工,差异有统计学意义（t=2.950,2.457;P ＜0.01,0.05）；玩世不恭以21～ 30岁员工及离异员工最高,差异有统计学意义（F=2.831,4.751；P ＜0.05,0.01）；普工的情绪衰竭、玩世不恭均高于干部,差异有统计学意义（t=2.791,2.708;P ＜0.01）；员工工龄越短,成就感低落越明显,差异有统计学意义（F=2.687,P＜0.05）；②企业员工抑郁检出率为48.15％（130/270）;男员工CES-D总分、躯体症状因子分高于女员工,差异有统计学意义（t =2.448,2.256;P ＜0.05）；21～ 30岁员工躯体症状因子分为最高,差异有统计学意义（F=3.354,P＜0.05）；未婚员工的CES-D总分、抑郁情绪因子分、躯体症状因子分高于已婚者、离异者,差异有统计学意义（F=3.280,3.192,3.733;P ＜0.05）；普工的CES-D总分、抑郁情绪因子分、躯体症状因子分、人际关系因子分高于干部,差异有统计学意义（t=3.322,2.357,4.071,2.398;P＜ 0.01,0.05,0.001,0.05）；工龄≤2年的员工人际关系因子分最高,差异有统计学意义（F =2.794,P＜0.05）；③Pearson相关分析显示,企业员工情绪衰竭与CES-D总分、抑郁情绪、积极情绪、躯体症状、人际关系呈正相关（P＜O.01,0.05）；玩世不恭与CES-D总分、抑郁情绪、躯体症状、人际关系呈正相关（P＜0.01）；成就感低落与CES-D总分、积极情绪呈负相关（P＜0.01）；④多元回归分析显示企业员工职务、工龄、躯体症状能够预测情绪衰竭24.4％的变异量；躯体症状能够预测玩世不恭16.6％的变异量；工龄、积极情绪能够预测成就感低落14.7％的变异量.结论 男性、年龄21 ～30岁、离异或未婚、普工、工龄短的企业员工工作倦怠与抑郁较多见.

Objective To understand the correlation between job burnout and depression for enterprise employees, so as to provide the basis for their mental health. Methods Total 270 employees from two enterprises of Songjiang district in Shanghai finished Maslach Burnout Inventory- General Survey（ MBI- GS）and Center for Epidemiologie Studies Depression Scale （CES -D）. The data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0. Results （1）The emotional exhaustion scores and cynicism scores of male employees were higher than those of female employees（ t =2. 950,2. 457 ;P 〈0.05）. The cynicism scores were highest for age 21 to 30 years old and divorced employees（ F = 2. 831,4. 751 ;P 〈 0.05 ）. The emotional exhaustion scores and cynicism scores of general employees were higher than those of cadres（ t = 2. 791,2. 708 ;P 〈 0.01 ）. While the length of service for employees became shorter,their reduced personal accomplishment would be- come obvious （F = 2. 687, P 〈 0.05 ）. （2）The detection rate of depression for employees was 48.15% （130/270）. The CES - D total scores and somatic symptoms factors scores of male employees were higher than those of female employees （ t = 2. 448,2. 256 ; P 〈 0.05 ）. The somatic symptoms factors scores for age 21to 30 years old employees were highest（ F = 3. 354 ,P 〈 0.05 ）. The CES - D total scores, depressed affect factors scores and somatic symptoms factors scores of unmarried employees were higher than ,those of married and divorced employees （ F = 3. 280,3. 192,3. 733 ; P 〈 0.05 ）. The CES - D total scores, depressed affect factors scores, somatic symptoms factors scores and interpersonal factors of general employees were higher than those of cadres （ t = 3.322,2. 357,4. 071,2. 398 ; P 〈 0.05 ）. The interpersonal factors scores for the length of service for employees less than two yeats were highest,there was significant difference （F = 2. 794, P 〈 0.05 ）. （3） Pearson correlation analysis showed that the correlation were significantly positive between emotional exhaustion of employees and the overall levels of depression,depressed affect,positive affect,somatic symptoms ,interpersonal（ P 〈 0.01,0.05 ）and significantly positive between cynicism of employees and the overall levels of depression, depressed affect, somatic symptoms, interpersonal （P 〈0.01 ） and significantly negative between reduced personal accomplishment of employees, the overall levels of depression and positive affect（P 〈0.01 ）. （4）Multiple regression analysis showed that the positions, the length of service, somatic symptoms could predict 24.4% of the total variance in emotional exhaustion,and somatic symptoms could predict 16.6% of the total variance in cynicism and the length of service,positive affect could predict 14.7% of the total variance in reduced personal accomplishment. Conclusion Job burnout and depression for enterprise employees who they are males, age 2i to 30 years old, divorced or unmarried, general employees and the length of service shorter are more common. [