塔里木裂腹鱼胚胎和仔鱼的发育与生长

Study on embryonic development and larval growth of Schizothorax biddulphi Günther

2012年4月至6月，在新疆博湖苇业股份有限公司三苇场（新疆且末县）进行了塔里木裂腹鱼的人工繁殖和苗种培育研究。人工授精的受精率为83%，孵化率为89%。塔里木裂腹鱼受精卵在16~19 ℃下历时约93 h经过卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠期、神经胚期、孵化期等时期孵化出膜，初孵仔鱼平均体长（7.29±0.18） mm。1~25日龄的仔鱼可分为卵黄囊期、弯曲前期、弯曲期和弯曲后期4个发育阶段；对仔鱼阶段的全长（LT）、头长（LH）、躯干长（LQ）、尾部长（LC）、眼径（D）、体高（HB）、头高（HH）、湿重（W）8项生长指标的特定生长率进行了分析，结果表明仔鱼各个阶段的发育是异速的；仔鱼全长、尾部长、头长、头高、体高、眼径的生长方程都为二次多项式，体长与体质量之间呈指数相关。

In this study, embryonic development and larval growth of Tarim schizothorax （Schizothorax biddulphiGünther） were observed by using artificial propagation techniques in Tarim schizothorax artificial breeding practice base in Qiemo County of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from April to June in 2012. The total of 68 thousand fertilized eggs ware obtained and the average rates of fertilization and hatching were 83% and 89% respectively. The fertilized eggs and embryonic development spent about 93 hours at water temperature of 16-19 ℃, in which they experienced cleavage stage, blastula stage, gastrula stage, neurula stage, incubation stage and so on. The full length of newly hatched larvae was （7.29±0.18） mm. Four stages were observed for larvae fish growth during 25 day’ developmental period. The development of every stage was found allometry by analyzing the specific growth rate of total length （LT）, head length （LH）, trunk length （LQ）, tail length （LC）, eyes diameter （D）, body height （HB）, head height （HH）, wet weight （W）. The quadratic equations growth characteristics were found in LT, TC, LH, HH, HB, D. Meanwhile, and body length and wet weight.