汉语教材中成语的系统考察——基于31册综合(读写)教材与《大纲》的分析

The Idiom Words in Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language Textbooks——The Analysis and Discussion Based on the Idiom in 31 Textbooks and the “Syllabus”

本文系统考察31册汉语作为二语教材中成语的选用情况,并与《汉语水平词汇和汉字等级大纲》(简称《大纲》)进行对比,发现教材成语的选用和等级跟《大纲》相去甚远,越级和超纲的成语过多。再将教材、《大纲》和母语者语料库进行对比,发现教材、《大纲》的成语多半不是汉语母语者使用的高频成语,且《大纲》成语等级分布不够合理。最后认为《大纲》成语的修订应考虑3个方面:调整等级,更新选取成语的语料库,统一收录标准。

The paper explores the idiom from 31 volumes of teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language textbook. Firstly,contrasting the idioms between ＂the elementary word list of Syl labus＂ （ the ＂Syllabus＂, for short） and 31 textbooks, the beyond syllabus and exceeding grade idioms in these textbooks are too much and the selected idioms in these textbooks is different far away with Syllabus. Secondly, the comparison of native corpora and the ＂Syllabus＂ ,finding that more than half of the idiom in the ＂Syllabus＂ quency and grade distribution is not reasonable. Finally,aiming at these forward the ＂Syllabus＂ should pay more attention to idiom difficulty level, pus and standard of selecting idiom. is not high-fre problems, putting the type of cor-pus and standard of selecting idiom.