PC维修的理论基础——从计算机的体系结构谈起

The Theoretical Foundations of PC Maintenance:From the Computer Architectures

探索PC维修的理论对计算机本科专业教学具有意义,对维修实践活动具有指导意义。对应概念级、逻辑级和物理级3个层次,分别使用层次结构、Princeton结构和1-3-5-7结构对计算机的体系结构进行描述,在此基础之上,明确指出了3种结构和PC维修之间的关系。即计算机的层次结构描述了软硬件的分层结构,是PC软硬件故障定位的理论基础;计算机的Princeton结构描述了计算机功能构件模块化及其连接方式,是PC进行拔插法维修的理论根源;PC的1-3-5-7结构描述了物理器件的层级结构和连接方式,可用于指导PC开机过程分析。教学实践表明,既有理论分析又有DIY的实践活动,有助于学生更加深入地理解计算机专业知识。

It＇s significant to study on the PC maintenance theory for computer undergraduate professional teaching, also for mainte-nance activities. From conceptual, logical and physical level, three architectures of hierarchical, Princeton and 1-3-5-7 were em-ployed to describe the computer architecture explicitly. Based on these descriptions, the relationships between three architectures and PC maintenance were pointed out categorically. The hierarchical architecture defines the interface between computer software and hardware, so it＇ s the theoretical foundation to identify the PC fault which is caused by hardware or software. The Princeton ar-chitecture defines computer functional components and its connections, so it＇s the essential reason that we can use plugging method to identify which functional component is failed. PC＇s 1-3-5-7 architecture defines physical parts and its connections, so it could be used to help the process analysis of PC power on. Teaching practice demonstrated that students could understand computer profes-sional knowledge more comprehensively through the teaching procedure which contains both theoretical analysis and DIY activities.