针灸治疗尿潴留常用腧穴文献研究

Research on Application of Frequently-Used Acupoints for Urinary Retention

目的探讨现代针灸治疗尿潴留的腧穴应用规律。方法检索中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)1994年1月1日至2012年7月31日尿潴留文献。检索项:主题或全文,检索词:尿潴留或含癃闭。检索并记录尿潴留文献量及所有腧穴使用频次,分析针灸防治尿潴留的常用腧穴、少用腧穴及其归经分布。结果检索出881篇有关针灸防治尿潴留的临床医学期刊文献,涉及的穴位共有162个,常用腧穴(文献>45篇者)有三阴交、中极、关元、阴陵泉、足三里、气海、肾俞、水道、膀胱俞、次髎、曲骨、太冲、太溪、合谷、秩边、百会、血海、三焦俞,共计18个穴位;少用腧穴(文献≥9但<45篇者)有归来、中髎、神阙等31个腧穴。分部选穴是以下肢部的远端选穴与下腹部、腰骶部的局部选穴为主,归经主要为肝经(78.57%)、任脉(58.33%)、膀胱经(50.75%)。结论现代针灸防治尿潴留常用腧穴有三阴交、阴陵泉、太冲、关元或中极、水道、肾俞或膀胱俞等,部位主要集中在下肢部、下腹部和腰骶部。

Objective To research the modern acupoint application rules for urinary retention. Methods The articles on urinary retention or dribbling urinary block from 1 January 1994 to 31 July 2012 were searched in China National Knowledge Internet （CNKI）. The article numbers on acupuncture and moxibustion for urinary retention and the frequency of acupoints application were recorded. The frequently used acupoints, less used acupoints and channel entry were analyzed. Results Totally 881 related articles were searched and 162 acupoints were involved. The frequently used 18 acupoints were Sanyinjiao （SP6）, Zhongji （RN3）, Guanyuan （RN4）, Yinlingquan （SP9）, Zusanli （ST36）, Qihai （RN6）, Shenshu （BL23）, Shuidao （ST28）, Pangguangshu （BI.28）, Ciliao （BL32）, Qugu （RN2）, Taichong （LR3）, Taixi （KI3）, Hegu （LI4）, Zhibian （BL54）, Baihui （DU20）, Xuehai （SP10） and Sanjiaoshu （BL22）. There were 31 less used acupoints such as Guilai （ST29）, Zhongliao （BL33） and Shenque （RN8）. The frequently used acupoints mainly distributed in the ends of lower limbs, lower abdomen and lumbosa- cral. The channel entry was mainly in the liver channel （78.57%） , Ren channel （58.33%） and bladder channel （50.75%）. Conclusion The commonl used acupoints for urinary retention are SP6, sPg, LR3 and RN4 or RNa, ST28, BL23 and BL28. Those acupoints mainly distribute in the ends of lower limbs, lower abdomen and lumbosaeral.