中国共产党成立以来对辛亥革命的纪念与评价

Commemoration and Evaluation of the Revolution of 1911 since the Founding of the Chinese Communist Party

中国共产党诞生90多年来,对辛亥革命的纪念与评价在不同的历史时期呈现出不同的政治特点和文化特色。党的几代领导集体中的主要领导者,也在不同的历史时期,发表了许多重要讲话。20世纪20年代首次提出辛亥革命既成功又失败了的观点,首次界定辛亥革命的资产阶级民主主义革命的性质。这些结论一直延续到20世纪80年代。从20世纪80年代至今,不再提资产阶级革命的性质,但是有比较完全意义上的民主主义革命和完全意义上的民族民主革命的称谓变化。中国共产党也一直将自己所从事的革命和建设事业,看做是辛亥革命的继续和发展;也一直根据国共关系的变化和政治斗争的需要,不断更新对辛亥革命现实意义的解读。

Ever since the founding of The Chinese Communist Party more than 90 years ago, commemora- tion and evaluation of the Revolution of 1911 during the different historical periods showed different politi- cal and cultural characteristics. Throughout these eras, the main leaders from generations of collective leadership also delivered a number of commemorative speeches. In the 1920s the first view of a both suc- cessful and failed revolution was brought up, and the Revolution of 1911 is claimed of bourgeois democratic revolution characteristics. These claims stood firm till the 1980s when the bourgeois democratic revolution is no longer referred to. Besides, title of a partial democratic revolution was changed to fully national dem- ocratic revolution. The Chinese Communist Party sees its revolution and construction of the country as continuation and development of the Revolution of 1911. The party explains the realistic meaning of the Revolution according to changes in relations with the Koumintan~ and the need of nnlltle~