清代武举与八旗科举

Military Examination and the Eight Banners Imperial Examination in Qing Dynasty

清代武举考试是清代科举制度与科举取士中的重要内容,也是清代自身民族特性的写照和反映。清代武举考试在嘉庆帝以前不但将文试与武试分开来进行,而且也比较重视文试的功能。武举中对各级考官的设置参照文举进行,在考试级别中也设有殿试一项,同时采取了复试的办法以搜罗人才,并借此严肃考风考纪。清代八旗宗室内部的官学与举业也同样以其民族性而有别于一般意义上的科举,八旗内部无论是文试还是武试均恪守"祖制",时刻保持本民族的尚武传统。就科举考试而言,清代武举与八旗官学和八旗科举形成了一种天然的联系,它构成了清代科举文化与政治文化的时代特点与民族特点。

Military examination was not only the important content of imperial system and imperial examina- tions,but it was also portrayal and reflection of national characters in the Qing Dynasty. Before Jia Qingdi, military examination was divided into written and military tests, and it paid more attention to the written test. Military examination set up all the Examiner by reference to imperial examination, which also has fi- nal imperial examination. At the same time military examination took the retest measures for talents, and thereby serious examination discipline . The internal offcial and examination in Eight Banners in the Qing Dynasty imperial clan due to its nationality were different from the general sense of the Imperial examina- tion. Both their Imperial examination and military examination adhered to the ＂ancestral system＂, and kept the nation＇s warrior tradition all the time. In terms of Imperial examination, military examination forma a natural link with the Eight Banners official and imperial examination, which constitute the charac- teristics of the times and national characteristics of the Imperial Examination culture and political culture in Qing Dynasty.