矮新星候选体的自动搜索研究

Searching for Dwarf Nova Candidates with Automatic Methods in Massive Spectra

美国斯隆数字巡天望远镜已经发布了第9期数据。这些海量的天文光谱数据除了可以用来进行大样本的研究,如探寻银河系的结构和进行多波段证认外,还蕴藏着稀少和特殊的天体,其中就包括矮新星。矮新星是激变变星中所占比例最高的一个亚型,发现更多的矮新星样本对于研究密近双星的演化和参数有积极的意义。目前针对激变变星这类稀少天体的发现主要使用测光粗筛选结合后期观测证认的方法,不但准确率低,而且需要耗费较多的人工处理时间,无法满足在海量光谱数据中快速发现矮新星候选体的需要。本文提出一种适用于在海量光谱中自动、快速发现矮新星的方法。该方法针对SDSS的DR9数据,先使用支持向量机约束主分量分析进行降维,确定特征空间的维数,然后再使用训练后得到的最优分类器对海量光谱进行自动识别,寻找矮新星候选体。实验共发现了276个矮新星,其中6个是未被收录的新的源,表明了该方法的有效性,为在海量光谱中快速发现稀少和特殊天体提供了有效途径。实验中发现的新结果补充了现有的矮新星模板光谱库,可以构造更准确的特征空间。本方法也可用于在其他的巡天望远镜如郭守敬望远镜的海量光谱中进行特殊天体的自动搜索。

In the present paper, an automatic and efficient method for searching for dwarf nova candidates is presented. The methods PCA （principal component analysis） and SVM （support vector machine） are applied in the newly released SDSS-DR9 spectra. The final dimensions of the feature space are determined by the identification accuracy of training samples with different dimensions constrained by SVM. The massive spectra are dimension reduced by PCA at first and classified by the best SVM clas- sifier. The final less number of candidates can be identified manually. A total number of 276 dwarf nova candidates are selected by the method and 6 of them are new discoveries which prove that our approach to finding special celestial bodies in massive spec- tra data is feasible. The new discoveries of this paper are added in the current dwarf nova template library which can contribute to constructing a more accurate feature space. The method proposed in this paper can also be used for special objects searching in other sky survey telescopes like Guoshoujing （Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope -LAMOST） telescope.