多维视域下的清学分期考——从近代学者的论述谈起

A Review on the Problems of the Academic History of the Qing Dynasty from Multidimensional Perspectives

章太炎是近代学者中最早研究清代学术者,然而《清儒》篇重点是清代学术的分派而非清学分期。梁启超《近世之学术》紧随其后发表,该文虽然多采《清儒》,但是对清学分期有明确划分,这是近代首位关注该问题者。之后,刘师培、皮锡瑞、廖平、钱穆等学者对清学的发展阶段也有着自己的分期,同时表达了自己对清学发展方向的展望,不过,因学术取向、研究侧重点、社会环境等因素影响,这批学者对清学的发展阶段划分呈现多样性,对清学的发展方向论述也截然相反。

Abstract： Qing academy was the hotspot of academic study in the Republic of China. Zhang Tai-yan was the first modern scholar to study the Qing academy, but his Scholars in Qing Dynasty didn＇t pay close attention to the problem of stages of Qing academy. Then, Liang Qi-chao stated his views on the problem of Qing academy history in The Academy in Modern Times. Later, Liu Shi-pei, Pi Xi-rui, Liao Ping, Qian Mu made their own judgments on the problem ; at the same time, they also expressed their own expectations on the direction of the Qing academic de- velopment. Because of the different orientations and characteristics of different scholars, the academic history of the Qing Dynasty can be divided into different stages.