捷联式光学导引头特性与多维度最优制导律

Strapdown optical seeker characteristics and multi-dimension optimal guidance law

为实现捷联式光学成像导引头与制导系统一体化设计,建立了全捷联制导与控制系统,根据捷联导引头特性进行制导与控制原理研究。首先,建立了全捷联导引头与陀螺的数学模型;接着,针对捷联导引头无法精确提取视线角速率的问题,提出姿态驾驶仪与视线角积分比例导引相结合的控制与制导方案,并分析了导引头体视线角、刻度因数、导航比和系统稳定区域之间的关系;然后,推导了全捷联制导系统最优制导律以提高制导系统响应速度;最后,进行了控制与制导系统飞行仿真,仿真结果表明:捷联式制导与控制系统能对静止与运动目标(速度为60 km/h)进行有效攻击,最大射击误差分别为1.49 m与2.62 m;系统误差、陀螺零偏与零偏稳定性对制导系统精度影响较大。捷联导引头制导与控制系统能满足空对地系统对静止与低速运动目标的攻击要求。

In order to realize strapdown optical imaging seeker and guidance system integrated design, strapdown guidance and control system were established. According to the characteristics of strapdown seeker, guidance and control principle were studied. The models of strapdown seeker and gyro were established. For the problem of strapdown seeker can＇t extract the line-of-sight angular rate precisely, the control and guidance scheme of combining of attitude autopilot and LOS integral proportional navigation was proposed, and the relationship between body line of sight （BLOS）, scale factor, navigation ratio and system stability region were analyzed. In order to improve system response speed, strapdown guidance system optimal guidance law was deduced. In the end, flight simulation were done, and the results show that strapdown guidance and control systems can attack on stationary and moving （60 km/h） targets effectively. The maximum firing errors were 1.49 m and 2.62 m respectively. System errors, gyro bias and bias stability play a very important part in the guidance system accuracy. Strapdown seeker guidance and control systems can meet the requirements of air-to-ground system for attacking stationary and low speed moving target.