马尾松针叶结构与海拔高度关系初报

The Explore of Relationship between Different Altitude and Structure of Pin Leaves of Pinus massoniana

通过解剖统计探索上限高度限制马尾松生长与叶结构的关系,有促进角质膜,管胞壁分化和气孔密度形成,抑制其它组织的发育。角质膜厚度和气孔大小与海拔高度的关系,分别γ=0.923和γ=-0.945(γ_(0.05,3)=0.878)达显著。SSR测验海拔1300m和1100m以下各高度的叶肉内构差异,腹面叶肉厚度、叶肉细胞横径、壁褶瓣(?)、木质部横面积和管胞横径均达极显著,管胞数和壁厚达显著。因此,上限高度叶内、外光合面积、供水系统均明显减少。天然林和人工林叶结构差异主要在腹面叶肉厚度,t=2.857达显著。

In this paper leaves of P, massoniana at different altitudes were studied by means of comparative anatomy and microscopic statistics to explore stuctural features of leaves grown in upper limit altitude. The results have shown that, ecotope in upper limit altitude promoted greatly the differentiation of cutiula membranes and tracheid walls and the formation of stomata densities,but restrained the quantitative development of the other tissues. Altitude is significantly corelated with the thickness of cuticula membrane and stomata size (r= 0.923 and 0.945, r0.05 = 0.878 ). There were significant differences in ventral mesophyll thickness, mesophyll cell diameter, No. of creases of meso-phyll cell wall, xylem size, tracheid diameter and No. of tracheid between the altitude of 1300m and the altitude below 1100m. At the altitude of 1300m, Number, length and inter and outer photosynthetic areas of Pin Leaves reduced obviously, hydro-metabolism also reduced and the plant grows very slowly. Ventral mesophyll thickness was the major differences of leaves between natural and cultivated P. massoniana ( t= 2.857, highly significant).