中文版独处问卷在大学生中的信效度检验

Reliability and Validity of the Chinese Version of Solitude Questionnaire in College Students

目的检验独处问卷在大学生群体应用的信度和效度。方法通过翻译、回译形成独处问卷中文版。方便选取935名大学生进行施测。对量表进行探索性因素分析（n=322）和验证性因素分析及多组比较分析（n=613）。结果探索性因素分析显示中文版独处问卷包括3个因子：积极独处、消极独处和中性独处。验证性因素分析发现3因子模型的拟舍指数为x。／df=3．70．NFI=0．92．NNFI=0．90，CFI=0．94．GFI=0．97，AGFI=0．94，RMSEA=0．07；男女多组比较验证性分析显示，3因子模型男女大学生群体上模型的因子负荷等同。积极独处和中性独处与独处偏好存在显著正相关（r=0．26，0．29；P〈0．001），3个因子与孤独感存在显著正相关（r=0．12—0．22，Ps〈0．05），积极独处因子和中性独处因子与情绪创造力存在显著正相关（r=0．21，P〈0．001；r=0．13，P〈0．05），消极独处因子与抑郁存在显著正相关（r=0．23，P〈0．001），中性独处因子与社交焦虑存在显著正相关（r’=0．17，P〈0．01）。量表3个因子的内部一致性信度Cronbaeh仅系数分别为0．81，O．67和0．56，2周后重测信度分别为0．80，0．80和0．75。结论独处问卷中文版具有良好的信度和效度，可以用于评定大学生独处体验。

Objective To examine the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of solitude questionnaire in college students. Methods The Chinese version of Solitude Questionnaire was translated from the original English edition and administered to 935 college students. Exploratory factor analysis（ EFA）, confirmatory factor analysis （CFA）and multiple group analysis were conducted with two sam- ples（n~ = 322, n2 = 613）. Results Exploratory factor analysis revealed that the Chinese version of solitude questionnaire was construc- ted by three factors ： Positive solitude experience, negative solitude experience and neutral solitude experience. The confirmatory factor,a- nalysis confirmed the three-factor model and the fitting indices were x2/df = 3.70, NFI = 0.92, NNFI = 0.90, CFI = 0.94, GFI = O. 97, AGFI = O. 94, RMSEA = 0.07 ; Multiple group analysis supported the three-factor structure was compatible with the male and female data. Positive and neutral solitude were correlated with PSS（ r = 0. 26,0. 29 ;P 〈 0. 001 ）. All of the three factors correlated with UCLA（ r = 0. 12 ~ 0. 22, Ps 〈 0.05 ）, Positive and neutral solitude correlated with E CI （r = 0. 21, P 〈 0. 001 ;r = O. 13, P 〈 0.05 ）. Only negative soli- tude correlated with SDS （ r = 0. 23, P 〈 0. 001 ） and only neutral solitude correlated with IAS （ r = 0. 17, P 〈 O. O1 ）. The Cronbach ~x coef- ficients of three factors were 0.81,0.67 and 0.56. The test-retest reliability were 0.80,0.8 and 0.75. Conclusion The Chinese version of solitude questionnaire（SQ） shows adequate reliability and validity, and can be used in Chinese college students.