临床医学生职业道德和职业价值观现状调查分析

The Present Situation of Clinical Medical Students' Professional Ethics and Professional Values

目的了解临床医学本科生职业道德和职业价值观现状,为培养其正确的职业道德和价值观提供理论依据。方法采取方便整群抽样法抽取陕西省3所院校297名临床医学生,采用自行编制的职业道德调查问卷和宁维卫修订的塞普洋职业价值观量表进行问卷调查。结果临床医学生职业道德在性别变量上,男生职业认知、职业态度、职业行为3项指标的平均分低于女生(t=-2.951,-2.937,-3.590;P<0.01);在年级变量上,低年级职业认知、职业态度、职业行为3项指标的平均分高于高年级(t=3.285,2.637,3.143;P<0.01);在学历变量上,本科生职业态度和职业行为指标平均分高于研究生(t=3.043,3.251;P<0.01)。临床医学生职业价值观在15个因素排序中,位于前5位的因素为利他主义、生活方式、成就、同事关系、声誉,排在后5位的因素为工作环境、经济报酬、安全性、变动性、管理;在学历变量上,本科生外在报酬指标的平均分高于研究生(t=-2.114,P<0.05)。结论临床医学生职业道德观水平总体较好;女生比男生更重视职业道德,低年级比高年级更重视职业道德,本科生比研究生更加重视职业态度和职业行为;研究生比本科生更加重视外在报酬。

Objective To understand the present situation of clinical medical students＂ professional ethics and professional values, and provide a theoretical basis for the training of the correct ethics and professional values. Methods A total of 330 clinical medical students from three universities were selected by using the cluster sampling method and investigated with a self-designed questionnaire of ethics and Super~ Work Values Inventory （WVI） modified by Ning Weiwei. Results Male clinical medical students had lower scores in career cognitive, professional attitude, professional behavior than female （t = -2. 951 ,-2. 937,-3. 590;P 〈 0.01 ） ;Low-grade clinical med- ical students had higher scores in career awareness, career attitude and professional behavior than high-grade clinical medical students （ t = 3. 285,2. 637,3. 143 ;P 〈 0.01 ） ;Undergraduates＇professional attitude and professional behavior were significantly higher than gradu- ates （ t = 3. 043,3.251 ; P 〈 0.01 ）. The top five factors of professional values of medical students were altruism, life style, achievements, colleague relations and reputation, the last five factors were working environment, financial rewards, security, changes in management ; aca- demic variables, undergraduates had lower scores in extrinsic reward indicators than graduate （ t --- -2. 114, P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion Clin- ical medical students are overall good in the ethics, girls pay more attention to the professional ethics than boys, low-grade pay more atten- tion to professional ethics than high grade, undergraduates pay more attention to the professional attitude and professional behavior than graduates, graduates pay more attention to the external reward than undergraduates.