车祸发生后中学生急性应激的症状反应特点

The Symptoms Characteristics of Acute Stress Response and Psychosocial Factors for Middle School Students after Traffic Accident

目的探讨经历车祸班级中学生急性应激反应的发生率、症状特点及心理社会因素。方法采用整群抽样,有效样本为经历车祸班级的49名学生,以创伤后应激障碍症状清单平民版量表(PCL-C)、社会支持量表、简易应对方式问卷和防御方式问卷为工具采用一对一面谈的方式对其进行调查。结果该班学生中最常见的症状依次为:创伤提示异常心理痛苦(34.69﹪),闯入性回忆(32.65﹪),回避创伤相关思考(22.45﹪),回避创伤提示物品或境遇(22.45﹪)和过度警觉(20.41﹪);急性应激反应的发生率为16.33%,PCL-C阳性组与阴性组学生在社会支持(t=4.105,P<0.01)、应对方式(t=3.627,P<0.01)及防御方式(t=5.428,P<0.01)等比较差异具有统计学意义。结论经历车祸创伤后的中学生急性应激发生率较高,需要对其进行心理干预。

Objective To evaluate the incidence of the symptoms and psychosocial factors of acute stress reaction for middle school students experienced traffic accident Methods Cluster sampling was used, the available sample was consist of 49 middle school students from the class experienced the accident. We surveyed the stress reaction by adopting the way of one - to - one interview by use of PTSD checklist-civilian version, social support review survey, simplified coping style questionnaire and defense style questionnaire Results The present study indicated that the most common symptoms of middle school students were as follow：Abnormal exception psychological pain （ 34.69 total）, flashback （ 32.65 total）, avoided trauma related thinking （ 22.45 total）, avoided traumatic items or situation （22.45 to- tal）/rod excessive alert （20.41 total） ;The incidence of acute stress reaction was 16.33%, there were significant differences between the PCL- C positive group and negative group in social support（ t =4. 105 ,P 〈 0.01 ）,coping styles（ t = 3. 627 ,P 〈 0.01 ） and the defense styles （t = 5.428,P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion Students who experience the traffic accident have higher incidence of acute stress reaction, psychological intervention are necessary.