注意缺陷多动障碍大学生注意分配能力

The Performance of Attention Distribution of University Students with ADHD

目的分析比较注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)大学生和正常大学生的注意力分配情况,探讨ADHD大学生特殊的注意力分配机制。方法应用文德犹他成人ADHD评定量表筛选出实验组被试34人和对照组被试34人后,进行上机实验,同时完成按键反应和记忆数字双重任务,分析比较两组被试完成按键反应任务的反应时和记忆数字任务的正确率,并比较在80次任务中反应时的标准差。结果方差分析数据显示,在反应时上,注意缺陷多动障碍组显著长于正常对照组(t=4.504,P<0.05);在能体现反应变异性的标准差上,实验组也要显著高于对照组(F=18.143,P<0.05);但在回忆成绩的正确率上,两组并没有差异(t=0.465,P>0.05)。结论 ADHD患者注意分配能力确实存在一定缺陷,ADHD个体在完成同样的注意分配操作的前提下,需要花费更长时间,耗费更多资源,并且不能很稳定的进行注意资源分配。

Objective To explore the special means of university students with ADHD in attention distribution by comparing with normal university students. Methods A total of 34 students of ADHD group and 34 students of control group were picked out by using the Wender Utah Rating Scale. They were required to finish the double tasks on the computers which required them to react quickly and remember the numbers at the same time. And then we could compare both the accuracy and rate between the ADHD group and control group. At the same time, we also compared the standard deviation in 80 tasks. Results （~）In the task A, significant difference （t = 4. 504 ,P 〈 0.05 ） did exist in reaction time. Participants in the ADHD group were much slower than those in the control group. While in the task B, there waas no significant difference in accuracy between the ADHD group and control group（ t = 0. 465, P 〉 0.05 ） ）. （~）In the eighty trials, there was significant difference （ F = 18. 143,P 〈 0.05 ） in the reaction variability between the two groups. The students in the ADHD group performed much worse than the students in the control group. Conclusion Patients with ADHD have deficit in the atten- tion distribution, and with the same attention distribution task, students with ADHD have to dedicate more time and the resources of atten- tion. ,they show the instability of attention distribution.