2型糖尿病无症状性心肌缺血患者的护理干预研究

Effect of nursing intervention in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and asymptomatic myocardial ischemia.

目的探讨2型糖尿病无症状性心肌缺血患者的护理干预效果。方法选取本院2011年1月至2012年9月收治的2型糖尿病无症状性心肌缺血患者86例,随机分为两组,采用常规护理患者43例为对照组,采用护理干预患者43例为观察组,护理疗程为1个月,比较两组患者护理前后的血糖、动态心电图和血压异常等情况。结果经治疗和护理后,两组的空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、ST段压低次数、ST段压低持续时间、室性早搏频次、血压异常率均明显降低。观察组空腹血糖[(6.4±0.9)mmol/L]、餐后2 h血糖[(8.7±1.4)mmol/L]、ST段压低次数[(126.3±14.6)次]、ST段压低持续时间[(132.8±15.7)min]、室性早搏频次[(406.8±34.2)次/24 h]、血压异常率(4.7%)均明显低于对照组[(7.9±1.0)mmol/L、(9.9±1.5)mmol/L、(157.1±13.8)次、(160.3±18.4)min、(472.1±36.0)次/24 h、18.6%],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论有效的护理干预可以明显改善2型糖尿病无症状性心肌缺血患者的血糖水平、动态心电图状况,稳定血压,具有显著的护理疗效,值得临床推广使用。

Objective To investigate the effect of nursing intervention in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and asymptomatic myocardial ischemia.Methods Eighty-six patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and asymptomatic myocardial ischemia selected in hospital from January 2011 to September 2012 were randomly divided into two groups：the observation group and the control group.Patients in the control group （n=43） were treated with routine nursing,while those in the observation group （n=43） were treated with nursing intervention.The course of treatment was one month.The abnormal blood sugar,dynamic ECG,and blood pressure were compared between the two groups before and after nursing.Results After nursing,the fasting blood glucose,2 h postprandial blood glucose,number of ST segment depression,ST segment depression duration,frequency of ventricular premature beat,abnormal rate of blood pressure in the observation group and the control group were all significantly reduced.The fasting blood glucose [（6.4±0.9） mmo1/L],2 h postprandial blood glucose [（8.7±1.4） mmo1/L],number of ST segment depression [（126.3±14.6） times],ST segment depression duration [（132.8± 15.7） min],frequency of ventricular premature beat [（406.8±34.2） times/24 h],abnormal rate of blood pressure （4.7%） in the observation group were all significantly lower than those in the control group [（7.9±1.0） mmo1/L,（9.9±1.5） mmo1/L,（157.1±13.8） times,（160.3±18.4） rin,（472.1±36） times/24 h,18.6%].The differences were statistically significant （P〈0.05）.Conclusion Effective nursing intervention can significantly improve the blood glucose level and dynamic electrocardiogram of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and asymptomatic myocardial ischemia,which can stabilize blood pressure and has significant nursing effect.It is worthy of clinical application.