世界是由自然律支配的自然类的层级系统--简评新本质主义的世界观

A Hierarchical System of the World Governed by the Laws of Nature——A Review of New Essentialist View of the World

自从1968年奎因用自然类的概念破解了著名的亨普尔归纳悖论和古德曼的"新归纳之谜"后,关于自然类和自然律的哲学研究有了迅猛的发展,1994年埃利斯和其他人提出新本质主义的世界观后,哲学界有大批研究科学本体论的论著的出现,论证自然界是由客观存在的自然律支配的自然类等级系统,使科学实在论发展到一个的新阶段,这个趋势值得认真研究。

Since 1968, Quine solved Hempel＇ s paradox of induction and Goodman＇s ＂the new riddle of induction＂ with the concept of natural kinds. The research on natural kinds and laws of nature has got rapid development. B Ellis and some other philosophers proposed a novel theory called ＂New Essentialism＂ in 1994. After them there were a large number of philosophical works on it to argue that the world is a hierarchical system governed by the laws of nature, which have improved the development of scientific realism to a new stage. Therefore, it is very worthwhile to study this trend.