骨巨细胞瘤组织及原代培养细胞超微形态学观察

Ultrastructural observation of primary culture and solid tumor cells of giant cell tumor of bone

目的 :通过骨巨细胞瘤组织及原代培养细胞与其超微形态学观察 ,了解该肿瘤的体外生长行为、特点及细胞类型 ,进一步探讨其组织来源。方法 :对收集到的 8例切除或刮除骨巨细胞瘤标本进行了原代培养。所有标本术前均未接受放疗或化疗 ;术后经病理证实 ,实体瘤及培养细胞均按常规方法制备标本 ,透射电镜观察。结果 :本组原代培养成功 6例 ,培养细胞从形态上主要可见到多核巨细胞、梭形的单个核细胞、单个核吞噬细胞样细胞。电镜观察发现无论是组织样本还是细胞样本 ,单个核细胞与多核巨细胞的形态相似 ,二者的超微结构形态未见明显差异 ;培养细胞与组织样本中所见的瘤细胞形态未见差别 ,而瘤细胞形态与正常间质纤维母细胞完全不同 ,说明培养细胞主要为肿瘤性细胞。结论 :原代培养存活期较长的细胞主要为梭形细胞 ,这些细胞与实体瘤组织中的梭形细胞形态一致 ,支持梭形细胞为骨巨细胞瘤的主质细胞。培养细胞及实体瘤组织巨细胞形态与单个核梭形细胞的形态相似 ,二者均不具单核巨噬细胞系的特点 ,体外长期培养存活的细胞中也有一定数量的多核巨细胞 ,认为骨巨细胞瘤中确实存在肿瘤性巨细胞 ,这些细胞来源于单个核梭形肿瘤细胞的融合 。

Objective:To investigate the growth behavior,characteristics and cell types of giant cell tumor of bone(GCT)by primary culture in vitro and ultrastructure observation, and to discuss its histogenesis.Results:6 primary samples were successfully cultured in vitro in this group.The culture cells could be morphologically divided into three types:multinucleated giant cells,spindle mononucleated fibroblast like cells and mononucleated macrophagocyte like cells.No morphological differences of ultrastructure were observed between the mononucleated cells and the multinucleated giant cells no matter in solid tumor cells or in culture cells in vitro. However,morphology of tumor cells was completely different from normal stroma fibroblastic cells and it suggested that the culture cells were mainly neoplastic cells.Conclusion:The cells living long term in vitro culture were mainly the spindle mononucleated fibroblast like cells, which ultrastructure features were same as the cells in solid tumor tissue,and supported the view of spindle mononucleated fibroblast like cells being the neoplastic cells of GCT.No morphological differences were observed between the mononucleated cells and the multinucleated giant cells in ultrastructure and culture in vitro.Some multinucleated giant cells could also be found in culture.All above suggested that these multinucleated giant cells are neoplastic cells which might come from the fusion of mononucleated tumor cells and denied the view of giant cells in GCT being the reactive fusion of macrophagocyte in tumor stroma.