论公共产品理论视野下的教师教育产品属性及政府责任

The Teacher Education's Product Attributes and Government Responsibility ——Analysis from the Perspective of Public Goods Theory

从经济学角度来讲,教师教育作为服务类产品既包括直接产品,又包括间接产品。教师教育提供的直接产品主要指对学生和教师进行的教育和培训;间接产品主要指受教育者个人和全社会效用的增加。依据经济学的公共产品理论,教师教育属于准公共产品范畴,其中教师教育直接产品的属性偏向于私人产品,教师教育间接产品的属性偏向于公共产品。在教师教育的提供中,政府需要发挥主体责任。政府提供教师教育的方式主要是政府生产、政府购买和政府补贴。我国政府一直是教师教育的主体提供者,但其作用还需进一步加强和拓展。

From the perspective of the Economics, teacher education belongs to service goods, including direct goods and indirect goods. Direct goods of the teacher education mainly refer to the education and training for students and teachers; and indirect goods mainly refers to the future utility of educators and the whole society. On the basis of the public goods the- ory of ec^nomics, teacher education in general belongs to the semi-public goods. Its direct goods＇ attribute towards to the private goods ; and It＇ s indirect goods＇ attribute towards to the public goods. In the providing of teacher education, the gov- ernment needs to play the role of main responsibility. The providing ways of the government for teacher education are mainly production, purchasement and subsidies. Chinese government has always been the main body of teacher education provid- ers, but its effects still need to be further strengthen and expanded.