大气污染特征与儿童常见呼吸道疾病发病的相关性研究进展

Research Progress in Pertinence of Atmospheric Pollution Features and Common Pediatric Respiratory Disease

大气污染物中可吸入颗粒物PM2.5与PM10的理化特征与吸入浓度对呼吸系统存在较大影响,可降低呼吸道防御能力、加重呼吸道及肺的炎性损伤。儿童呼吸道具有较成年人特殊的生理解剖特点,且儿童成长发育期的全身免疫功能尚未发育完全。饮食单一、营养不良、微量元素摄入不足等均可导致儿童基础免疫力降低。该文结合小儿呼吸道生理解剖特点及免疫、饮食营养因素,对小儿常见呼吸道疾病发病与大气污染特征的相关性予以综述。

There is a big impact on the respiratory system by physical-chemical properties and inspired concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 of the atmospheric pollutants. It can reduce the defense capability of the airway, aggravate the respiratory tract and lung inflammatory injury. Features of physiological anatomies of childrens＇ respiratory tract are different from adults, and body immune function is not fully developed during the growth development period. Single diet, malnutrition and inadequate intake of trace-elements can cause childrens＇ basic immune deficiency. Here is to make an overview of the pertinence of common pediatric respiratory diseases with the atmosphere pollution features, taking the physical features of the childrens＇ respiratory tract, immune and dietary factors into account.