沼液与钾钙耦合对黄瓜叶绿素荧光参数、产量及品质的影响

Effects of Coupling of Biogas Slurry,Potash and Calcium Fertilizer on Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters, Yield and Quality of Cucumber

为了给黄瓜无土栽培提供简单、可行的沼液营养液配方,采用温室盆栽试验方法,研究了不同浓度沼液与钾钙肥耦合对菇渣复合基质栽培黄瓜的产量、品质、植株生长特性和叶片叶绿素荧光参数的影响。结果表明,在同一钾肥和钙肥用量条件下,沼液与水体积比1∶3的处理比沼液与水体积比1∶2的处理有较高的产量、品质和表观光合电子传递速率(ETR),而在同一沼液施用浓度处理条件下,随钾肥和钙肥施用量增加黄瓜果实中维生素C(Vc)和可溶性蛋白含量呈增加趋势,其中在原沼液中添加K2SO40.62g/L和Ca(H2PO4)24.22g/L、沼液与水体积比1∶3的追肥处理为最佳沼液营养液组合,其产量、Vc、可溶性糖含量和ETR分别比CK(山崎黄瓜营养液)高出32.41%、92.08%、6.40%和6.02%,硝态氮含量和叶片初始荧光(Fo)分别比CK低了22.76%、8.40%。因此,在菇渣复合基质栽培中,追施沼液与水体积比1∶3的沼液耦合K2SO40.62g/L和Ca(H2PO4)24.22g/L能够提高黄瓜的产量,改善果实品质。

Different concentration of biogas slurry and potash fertilizer and calcium fertilizer was designed to study their coupling effects on yield ,quality ,the grow th and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of potted cucumber（Cucumis sativus L .） under mushroom compost dregs cultivation in greenhouse .The results showed that compared with the treatment of the volumetric ratio of biogas slurry and water of 1∶2 ,the yield ,quality and ETR increased with the treatment of the volumetric ratio of biogas slurry and water of 1∶3 in the same dosage of potash fertilizer and cal-cium fertilizer .However ,under the same concentration of biogas slurry ,the Vc and protein of fruit were positively correlated with the dosage of potash fertilizer and calcium fertilizer .Summa-rily ,the optimal combination was solution of 0 .62 g K2 SO4 and 4 .22 g Ca（H2 PO4 ）2 in one liter of primeval biogas slurry and the mixture of the volumetric ratio of biogas slurry and water of 1∶3 , compared with CK（Yamazaki cucumber nutrient solution） .This treatment improved the content of yield ,Vc ,soluble sugar of fruit by 32 .41% ,92 .08% ,and 6 .40% respectively ,the nitrate con-tent of fruit decreased by 22 .76% ,the ETR of leaves increased by 6 .02% ,and the Fo of leaves de-creased by 8 .40% .These findings suggested that solution of 0 .62 g K2 SO4 and 4 .22 g Ca（H2 PO4 ）2 in one liter of volumetric ratio of biogas slurry and water with 1∶3 could have a positive role on cucumber yield and the nutritional quality in mushroom compost dregs cultivation .