历辈章嘉呼图克图与达赖喇嘛的师徒关系

Mentoring Relationships Between Changkya Khutukhtu and Dalai Lama in Past Dynasties

历史上,藏传佛教格鲁派"四圣"之中,前藏甘丹颇章的达赖喇嘛与后藏喇章坚参吞波的班禅额尔德尼两大政教领袖历辈互为师徒较广为人知。事实上,历辈达赖喇嘛与国师章嘉呼图克图之间也拥有互为师徒的关系。根据相关记载,历辈达赖喇嘛与章嘉呼图克图之间的师徒关系始于五世达赖喇嘛认证一世章嘉为其上师帕邦喀巴·班觉伦珠的转世。此后,彼此曾持续在对方灵童之寻访、认证、坐床、授戒、学经、选任摄政……等重要事件中扮演重要角色。直到清末,六世章嘉呼图克图圆寂后,嵩祝寺僧人还远道赴藏请示灵童转世事宜。两位大师关系之密切,及其对藏传佛教世界政教事务的影响,并不亚于达赖与班禅。

In history , among ＂four Holies＂ of Gelug , Dalai Lama in palace of Gandan Pozhang in front Tibetan and Panchen Lama of Lazhang Jiancantunbo in Tsang were in the relationship of masters and apprentices. In reality , there was a master and apprentice relationship between Changkya Khutukhtu and Dalai Lama, too. According to records, the relationship started in the time when the fifth Dalai Lama identified the first ZHangjia as the reincarnation of his guru Paibangkaba Banjuelunzhu. From then on, they greatly influenced each other on the seeking of reincarnation, identification, enthronement, receiving precepts, learning sutras and selecting regencies. Till the Parinirvana of the sixth Changkya Khutukhtu in late Qing Dynasty, Buddhists of Songzhu temple went a long way to Tibetan to ask for instructions about reincarnation. The close relationship between two masters had a deep impact on matters of Tibetan Buddhism and that was not less than the relationship between Dalai Lama and Panchen Lama.