护理干预对直肠癌造口患者压力应对与社会支持的影响

Influence of Nursing Intervention on Coping Stress and Social Supports of Patients with Rectal Cancer Colostomy

目的探讨护理干预对直肠癌造口患者压力应对与社会支持的影响。方法 92例直肠癌造口患者随机分为对照组和护理干预组(干预组),分别实施常规护理和系统干预护理,分别于入院后和出院前调查两组患者结肠造口患者压力量表、压力应对量表和领悟社会支持量表(PSSS),比较两组患者各量表评分情况。结果与干预前比较,干预组压力4个维度评分均较干预前显著下降(P<0.05,P<0.01),对照组自我改变和造口护理两个维度评分较干预前明显降低(P<0.05)。干预后组间比较,干预组4个维度评分均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后干预组情感指向和问题指向的应对评分较干预前明显增加(P<0.05),干预组情感指向和问题指向的应对评分均明显高于对照组(P<0.05);干预组社会支持总分、家庭支持、朋友支持评分均明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论系统的护理干预能使直肠癌永久性造口患者出院后减少各种心理压力,增加应对技巧,使其以积极的心态回归社会和家庭。

Objective to study the influence of nursing intervention on coping stress and social support of patients with rectal cancer colostomy.Methods 92 cases with rectal cancer colostomy were randomly divided into control group and nursing intervention group （intervention group）. They were respectively treated the routine nursing care and nursing intervention. The stress scale, coping scale and perceived social supports scale（PSSS） were investigated respectively before and after admission and the scale scores of the two groups were compared. Results Compared with before intervention, the 4 dimension scores in the intervention group were significantly decreased （P〈0.05,P〈0.01） and the scores of self change and ostomy care in the control group were decreased （P〈0.05）. After intervention, the 4 dimension scores in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group （P〈0.05）. The scores of emotional and problem direction in the intervention group were significantly increased （P〈 0. 05） and higher than those in the control group （P〈0.05）.The social ,family and friend sup- ports in intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group （P〈0.05）. Conclusions The systematic nursing intervention can make patients with rectal cancer permanent colostomy reduce the psychological pressure after discharge, increase the coping skills and positively return to the society and family.